Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2015 in |
Nanotechnology mediated drug delivery has been reported to enhance the drug efficacy, bioavailability, reduced toxicity and improve patient compliance by targeting the cells and tissues to elicit the desired pharmacological action. Low oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs poses a great challenge during development of drug delivery systems. The purpose of the present work was to compare the characteristics of Lovastatin (LV) nanoparticles prepared by Ionic gelation (IG) and Solvent evaporation (SE) techniques using Sodium Tripolyphosphate and Pleuronic F68 as surfactants. In this study, an attempt was made to improve the solubility and dissolution characteristics of a poorly water-soluble drug LV using nanotechnology concept. The prepared nanoparticles were evaluated in terms of size, drug polymer compatibility by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, morphological characteristics by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), drug entrapment efficiency in-vitro release and stability studies. Nanoparticles prepared by IG and SE were in the range of (108nm to 486 nm) and (389nm to 521nm) with PDI of 0.447 and 0.557 having entrapment efficiency...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2015 in |
A simple, precise, rapid, accurate RP-HPLC method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of Minoxidil and Finasteride in pharmaceutical dosage form. The chromatographic separation was achieved on ODS C18 column (25 cm × 4.6 mm, 5 µ particle size) using a mobile phase comprising methanol: water along with 0.5 % triethyl amine (TEA), pH 6.38 adjusted with ortho phosphoric acid (OPA) in a ratio of 70:30 v/v. The flow rate was 1ml/min and eluents were detected by UV detector at 210 nm. Retention times were found to be 4.661 min and 10.005 min of Finasteride and Minoxidil respectively. The calibration curve was linear over the range of 12-24 µg/ml of Minoxidil and 0.4-0.8 µg/ml of Finasteride. The results of all the validation parameters were well within their acceptance values. The developed method was successfully applied for determination of the two drugs from its pharmaceutical formulation. The excipients in the formulation do not pose any hindrance in determination of the two drugs. The proposed method is suitable...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2015 in |
Introduction: Bloodstream infections (BSI) are a serious cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Emerging antimicrobial drug resistance among bacterial pathogens causing BSI can limit therapeutic options and complicate patient management. Objective: To encourage the prudent use of appropriate antibiotics in our tertiary care Hospital, we studied the prevalence and antibiogram patterns of blood culture isolates from March 2013 to February 2014. Results: Of 829 blood cultures examined, 116 (13.9 %) were positive for bacterial growth. The frequency of Gram-positive bacteria isolated was 52.5% (61 of 829) and that for Gram-negatives was 47.4% (55 of 829). The most common gram-positive organism isolated was Staphylococcus aureus (28.5%), followed by CoNS (13.3%) and Enterococcus spp. (5.7%). Staphylococcus aureus, had exhibited least resistance to tetracycline, doxycycline, vancomycin, daptomycin, and linezolid. The rates of methicillin (oxacillin) resistance in Staphylococcus aureus were 32%. Among the Gram-negative isolates, the predominant isolates were Acinetobacter and Salmonella typhi (36.3%) followed by Escherichia coli (10.9%), Klebsiella species (9%) and Pseudomonas species (7.27%). ESBL and MBL production was seen in...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2015 in |
Background: Karanjin a furanoflavanoid from Pongamia pinnata (L.) Seeds, has gastroprotective, anti-arthritic properties rendering it a natural drug having prophylactic and therapeutic property. But, the effect of Karanjin on colitis till not known. Objectives: To evaluate the beneficial effect of karanjin for the treatment of experimental colitis. Method: Colitis were induced in the C57BL6 mice by oral administration of 2.5% solution of DSS in drinking water for 7 days. Karanjin (>98% pure) was administered in two different concentrations 100 and 200 mg/kg and 5-ASA (100 mg/kg) as reference for 7 consecutive days to the DSS induced colitic mice. On 8 day mice were sacrificed and degree of inflammation was assessed by Disease Activity Index (DAI), histology and biochemical estimation of myeloperoxidase (MPO), Nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), Catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione (GSH) level were measured. Result: Karanjin significantly and dose dependently ameliorate the macroscopic damage, histological changes such as cellular infiltration, tissue necrosis, mucosal and submucosal damage, reduce the activity of MPO. Depressed MDA and...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2015 in |
The prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use is high among geriatrics, affecting up to 40% of patients. The objectives of the study are to evaluate the prescription pattern in geriatrics and to identify potentially inappropriate medications using Beers Criteria 2012. The data were collected and recorded in standard data entry format. The prescriptions were analyzed for appropriateness using the revised version of Beers criteria 2012. During the study period 200 prescriptions were screened. Out of 200 prescriptions 64.5% of the prescriptions were appropriate and 35.5% were inappropriate. 95% of drugs belonged to group 1 of Beers criteria (Potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults), 2% of drugs belonged to group 2 (Inappropriate medication use in older adults due to drug-disease or drug-syndrome interactions that may exacerbate the disease or syndrome) and 3% belonged to group 3(Potentially inappropriate medications to be used with caution in older adults). The use of inappropriate medications can be avoided using the Beers criteria 2012, which is one of the important clinical tools which...
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