Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2015 in |
β-lactams have been widely used as antibiotics for treatment of nosocomial and community acquired infections for the last five decades. Under selective pressure from the extensive use of cephalosporins in 1980s and 1990s, many bacteria have emerged as resistant against these antibiotics. The resistance to β-lactam antibiotics can be due to any of the following three mechanisms i.e. decreased accumulation of the drugs by bacterial cell, hydrolysis of the antibiotics by β-lactamases (βL) and alterations in penicillin binding proteins that reduce their affinity for the drug. WHO has repeatedly warned for a growing emergence of bacterial antibiotic resistance. The consequences of drug resistance include higher mortality and morbidity. Hence there is a need to search for new alternative antimicrobial agents with fewer side effects. In the current study, we have checked the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of ten traditionally used medicinal plants against β-lactam resistant bacteria isolated from urinary tract infected (UTI) patients. We have also proposed phytochemicals extracted from medicinal plants as potential antibacterials and investigation of inhibition...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2015 in |
Objective: The anti-parkinson’s potential of the formulations containing roots of Withania somnifera family Solanaceae, leaves of Ocimum sanctum family Lamiaceae, and rhizome of Curcuma longa family Zingiberaceae, was investigated in reserpine and haloperidol induced parkinson’s model. Materials and Methods: Parkinson’s was produced by Reserpine and Haloperidol administration (1mg/kg i.p and 1mg/kg i.p. respectively). Formulation (300 mg/kg orally) was administered as pretreatment for 14 days. The animals were evaluated for Behavioral and Locomotors activity. Results: Pretreatment with the formulations significantly (P < 0.01) protected the catalepsy, rigidity from the toxic effects of reserpine and haloperidol. The hydroalcoholic extract formulation of Ashwagandha, Tulsi and Haldi was assigned to class 5 (LD50> 2000mg/kg), were recommended by OECD. Conclusion: These results suggest an anti-parkinson’s effect of formulations due to its nerve tonic, &increases in dopamine...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2015 in |
Lycopene makes up the majority of carotenoids in watermelon. Carotenoids are thought to be responsible for the beneficial properties of fruits and vegetables in preventing human diseases including cardiovascular diseases, cancer and other chronic diseases. They are important dietary sources of vitamin A. Lycopene extraction from the fruit juice was done individually by using various organic solvents such as hexane, acetone and ethanol. The chemical compound was identified by UV Vis, GC- MS and FT-IR, totally nine chemical compounds were identified by GC-MS and different peaks were observed by FTIR. The major chemical constituents were identified as N,N’- Ethylenebis [2-[2- hydroxyphenylglycine, Cyclopropanebutanoic acid, n- Hexadecanoic acid, 10-Octadecenoic acid, oleic acid, Heptadecanoic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, 9-octadecenoic acid. The chemical compounds found in groups were methyl branched fatty acid, ethylester based fatty acid, glycine based amino acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid. The results showed that lycopene content of watermelon juice was approximately 13mg/Kg. Antioxidant testing assays 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, superoxide anion radical scavenging...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2015 in |
Nanotechnology mediated drug delivery has been reported to enhance the drug efficacy, bioavailability, reduced toxicity and improve patient compliance by targeting the cells and tissues to elicit the desired pharmacological action. Low oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs poses a great challenge during development of drug delivery systems. The purpose of the present work was to compare the characteristics of Lovastatin (LV) nanoparticles prepared by Ionic gelation (IG) and Solvent evaporation (SE) techniques using Sodium Tripolyphosphate and Pleuronic F68 as surfactants. In this study, an attempt was made to improve the solubility and dissolution characteristics of a poorly water-soluble drug LV using nanotechnology concept. The prepared nanoparticles were evaluated in terms of size, drug polymer compatibility by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, morphological characteristics by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), drug entrapment efficiency in-vitro release and stability studies. Nanoparticles prepared by IG and SE were in the range of (108nm to 486 nm) and (389nm to 521nm) with PDI of 0.447 and 0.557 having entrapment efficiency...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2015 in |
A simple, precise, rapid, accurate RP-HPLC method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of Minoxidil and Finasteride in pharmaceutical dosage form. The chromatographic separation was achieved on ODS C18 column (25 cm × 4.6 mm, 5 µ particle size) using a mobile phase comprising methanol: water along with 0.5 % triethyl amine (TEA), pH 6.38 adjusted with ortho phosphoric acid (OPA) in a ratio of 70:30 v/v. The flow rate was 1ml/min and eluents were detected by UV detector at 210 nm. Retention times were found to be 4.661 min and 10.005 min of Finasteride and Minoxidil respectively. The calibration curve was linear over the range of 12-24 µg/ml of Minoxidil and 0.4-0.8 µg/ml of Finasteride. The results of all the validation parameters were well within their acceptance values. The developed method was successfully applied for determination of the two drugs from its pharmaceutical formulation. The excipients in the formulation do not pose any hindrance in determination of the two drugs. The proposed method is suitable...
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