Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2021 in |
Envenoming and deaths resulting from snakebites are particularly important public health problems in the rural tropics. Snake envenomation is included since 2009 in the World Health Organization (WHO) list of Neglected Tropical Diseases, as this condition remains largely neglected by national and international health authorities. The only available specific treatment is antivenom therapy, which consists of a pool of neutralizing immunoglobulins purified from the plasma of animals that are hyperimmunized against snake venom and specific toxins. However, the antivenom has some limitations, such as the poor ability to treat local effects, risk of immunological reactions, high cost, and difficult access in some regions. Therefore, the search for complementary therapies to treat snakebites is relevant, and the use of medicinal plants against snakebites is a historical practice throughout human history, and this knowledge has been transferred among the rural communities from generation to generation. Though tribal groups, forest dwellers, and rural people possess unique knowledge about plants and their uses, they are dwindling in number, and the younger generation is...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2021 in |
Coronaviruses wrapped with the layers of positive-sense RNA viruses specified by the club-like projections from their surface responsible for a variety of diseases in the animal kingdom. After the two historical episodes of coronaviruses i.e., severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012, this time world strike with its highly pathogenic form which is severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a viral cascade event that starts from Wuhan in December 2019 and becomes a public health emergency of global interest as declared by the World Health Organization. Primarily, bats became an identifiable source of SARS-CoV-2 and their transmission to humans has occured through an unknown intermediate source. Present situation depicts that more than 200+ countries are suffering from the deadly attack of SARS-CoV-2. This virus is dangerous for every age group because of its asymptomatic carrier state that results in acute respiratory diseases. Escalation of this virus occurs very easily through human-to-human transmission via droplets...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2021 in |
The motivation behind composing this review on floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) was to incorporate the ongoing research article with a unique spotlight on the key system of floatation to accomplish gastric maintenance. The ongoing advancements of FDDS, including the physiological and formulation factors influencing gastric maintenance, ways to deal with configuration single-unit, and numerous unit of floating drug delivery systems, and their grouping and formulations perspectives are canvassed in detail. This review has a special focus on the principal mechanism of floatation to achieve gastric retention. Conventional oral dosage forms have short residence times & unpredictable gastric emptying time. The idea of gastric retention comes from the need to localize drugs at a specific region of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), such as the stomach in the body. Many drugs get absorbed only in the upper intestinal tract, designing such molecules as once-daily formulations are exclusive for these molecules. Thus, gastro retention could help to provide greater availability of new products and consequently improved therapeutic activity and substantial benefits...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2021 in |
The removal of metals by the use of microbes is known as bioleaching in terms of oxidation or degradation of metal from complex raw materials or depots. Such microbial oxidation or bio-removal occurs in terms of sulphur degradation and oxidation (for example, sulphur oxidation, iron oxidation etc.). This process is thus known as bioleaching, which is related to the all metal oxidation processes like sulphur oxidation or iron oxidation. These microbes are mild, moderately thermophilic, iron-mineral, sulphur oxidizing bacteria, and extremely thermophilic. The iron bacterium occurs in nature in different genera viz. Thiobacillus ferroxidans, Leptospirillum ferroxidans, Ferrovum myxofaciens and Acidiphilium or Acidithiobacillus. These microbes are the source of enzymes and metabolites which are of industrial significance. The commercial exploitation of such features of iron bacterial consortia may be utilized in water treatment for the removal of iron. The use of such microbes via fermentation technology may be fruitful in the removal of iron from water. Few studies have been done in this aspect. The hypothesis of this concept, although...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2021 in |
The outbreak of a novel coronavirus 2019 was traced back in China in late 2019, followed by their worldwide transmission as a pandemic. From January to August 2020, a total of 1,724 papers were published, where 125 were only published in August 2020, demonstrating the importance and need for current awareness and research to overcome this deleterious virus. This paper briefly highlighted the major characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 in detail, including; a brief history of coronavirus, various transmission routes, range of mild to severe symptoms, available diagnostic tests, treatment options, measures for infection control and prevention, and particular emphasis on self-acceptance and upholding to face mask-wearing. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is limitless and has affected all the nation throughout the horizon; the voyage is indeed hard but not impossible to overcome. However, it is the responsibility of each and every individual to be cautious, know, and understand their role in this difficult situation. To conclude, due to the lack of cohesive data, this review has collated the...
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