Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2015 in |
The Human Papilloma Viruses (HPV) are non-enveloped, small DNA virus, which are responsible for worldwide problem. HPVS can be associated with different varieties of epidermal manifestations. It belongs to the Papovavirus family. On the basis of oncogenic potential these have been classified as high risk and low risk types of virus. Currently histopathological techniques are widely being used as the diagnostic method for the identification of HPV viral DNA. This article reviews the classification of HPVs and different methods used for the vaccination and diagnosis. The types includes common warts, flat warts, plantar warts, anogenital warts, anal dysplasia and epidermodysplasia verruciformis. Vaccines are available for prevention of HPV infection, and recommended vaccination schedules have been...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2015 in |
Warfarin, a vitamin K antagonist has been the leading oral anticoagulant since early 1940s despite limitations like slow onset and offset of action, variations in metabolism, multiple food and drug interactions, narrow therapeutic index and need for routine laboratory monitoring. Rivaroxaban, a direct factor Xa inhibitor is a recently introduced orally effective novel anticoagulant offering improvement over current standard of care such as good bioavailability, low propensity for food and drug interactions, rapid onset of action, ease of administration, wide therapeutic index, predictable anticoagulant response and fixed oral dosage, limited side effects and no inter subject variability. Over and above, the drug doesn’t require coagulation monitoring. Thus rivaroxaban has the potential to be an attractive alternative to current anticoagulants, providing effective and well tolerated anticoagulation in a convenient manner in patients with stroke and systemic embolism with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF), treatment and prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE) etc. Moreover, specific antidotes (Aripazine-PER 977; Ciraparantag) and Andexanet (PR TO64445) antagonising the pharmacodynamic effect of rivaroxaban...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2015 in |
A new series of s- triazine based chalcones have been synthesized by the temperature controlled reaction. The first substitution occurs at low temperatures (0°C), the second substitution at approximately at room temperature (25-30°C) and the third at elevated temperatures (70-100°C). This property allows substitution of three different neucleophiles onto the same triazine core which provides a vast array of possible triazine...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2015 in |
Currently there has been an increased interest in using iontophoretic technique for the controlled transdermal drug delivery of medicines, especially in the delivery of proteins & peptides through skin membranes. The delivery of ionic drug molecules and peptide/protein molecules through transdermal delivery to attain a systemic therapeutic effect, chemical or physical methods are needed to improve the rate of penetration of therapeutic drug molecule through the main diffusion barrier present in the skin membrane. In that, the iontophoretic technique is one of the most desirable to enhance the transdermal drug delivery of high molecular weight substances like peptide and proteins using a lower current intensity with a short time period for the desired therapeutic effect. This article is an complete overview of the controlled transdermal drug delivery of ions/proteins/peptides by iontophoresis as well as the principles, laws, mechanisms, factors, design considerations, applications, advantages, limitations of transdermal iontophoretic drug delivery...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2015 in |
The oral route is easiest and most convenient route for drug administration. The major problem in oral drug formulations is low and erratic bioavailability, which mainly results from poor water solubility. This may leads to higher inter subject and intra subject variability and therapeutic failure. The improvement of compounds solubility and bioavailability are the greatest challenges in formulations. The self emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) is a novel approach for enhancing the solubility of formulations; by this approach it is also possible to prolong the release of drug via incorporation of polymers in SEDDS composition which appears to be unique and industrially feasible approach. The SEDDS is an isotropic mixture of oils, surfactants, co-surfactants, co-solvents, etc. It can be used for designing the formulations such as tablets, capsules, pellets, etc. The SEDDS will continue to enable novel applications in drug delivery and solve problems associated with the delivery of poorly soluble...
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