Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2012 in |
Microalgae and Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) are photosynthetic prokaryotes used as food by humans. They have gained a lot of attention in recent years because of their potential applications in biotechnology. They have also been recognized as an excellent source of vitamins and proteins and as such are found in health food stores throughout the world. They are reported to be a source of fine chemicals, renewable fuel and bioactive compounds. Bioactive compounds are extra nutritional constituents that typically occur in small quantities in foods. Numerous bioactive compounds appear to have beneficial health effects. Microalgae and Cyanobacteria have been identified as a rich source of biologically active compounds with antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer activities. This review is an attempt to consolidate the latest studies and critical research in this field, and to showcase the immense competence of uses of microalgae and cyanobacteria as a potential and promising source of novel...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2012 in |
Starting from plastic industry, today melt extrusion has found its place in the array of pharmaceutical manufacturing processes. Melt extrusion processes are currently applied in the pharmaceutical field for the formulation of variety of dosage forms such as granules, pellets, tablets, implants, transdermal systems & ophthalmic inserts. This technology represents an efficient pathway for increasing the solubility of poorly soluble drugs. The process forms a solid dispersion where the drug is presented in an amorphous & molecularly dispersed state in a carrier. This leads to an increase in solubility, as no lattice energy has to be overcome during dissolution. Melt extrusion is considered to be an efficient technology in the field of formulation of solid dispersions to improve bioavailability with particular advantages over solvent processes. This article highlights on the technology of Hot Melt Extrusion...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2012 in |
This review describes the potential and, in particular, some relevant hazards associated with the use of veterinary drugs, various pharmaceuticals and industrial chemicals that have produced serious environmental risks and affected the life of people along with other animals by posing great health risks. Risk analysis regarding these problems has also been discussed with the measures to handle the problem at global level. The most contentious residues which occur in meat, milk and eggs along with the environment are antibacterial drugs, hormonal growth promoters, heavy metals and industrial chemicals that are producing potential toxic health effects that include systemic toxicity, mutations, cancer, birth defects and reproductive disorders. Systemic toxicity involves changes in the structure and function of organs and organ systems: weight change, structural alterations and changes in organ system or whole animal function. Functional effects may include changes in the lungs, liver, kidneys, cardiovascular function, brain, nervous system activity, behavior and in production of resistance to disease. Furthermore, continued monitoring and periodic reassessment of risks posed by these...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2012 in |
Many therapeutic agents are most effective when made available at constant rates, near the absorption sites or at the correct time of administration. Pulsatile drug delivery system is the most interesting time-specific and site-specific system. This system is designed for chronopharmacotherapy which is based on circadian rhythm. Recently a greater effort has been taken in designing delivery systems which synchronize drug delivery with circadian rhythms in order to optimize efficacy and /or minimize side effects. Pulsatile systems deliver the drug at right site of action at the right time and in the right amount. Chronotherapeutics is the discipline concerned with the delivery of drugs according to inherent activities of a disease over a certain period of time. Chronotherapy can particularly benefit patients suffering from allergic rhinitis, rheumatoid arthritis and related disorders, asthma, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and peptic ulcer disease. This review gives an outline as to how pulsatile drug delivery systems based on circadian rhythms are...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2012 in |
We have experienced a growing importance of intellectual capital and intangible assets and an increased tendency for firms and public institutions to privatize, by the use of patents or copyrights, their knowledge assets and creative expressions. Because control over the use of an intellectual property right (IPR) requires ownership or a licence, the growing importance of knowledge-based assets and creative expressions has been accompanied by recognition that patents and copyrights represent strategic assets for those who own and control them. It is therefore not surprising that, in recent years, the pace at which individuals, firms and the public sector are using IPRs to privatize knowledge-based assets and creative expressions has been accelerating. This trend has been enhanced by the view of many industry, government and international agencies that the privatization of the intellectual capital and knowledge-based assets of individuals and firms provides many advantages (for example, competitive advantage), and we have seen an increased enforcement of IPR regimes worldwide. Protection of undisclosed information is least known to players of...
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