Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2010 in |
Aseptic processing is a widely used technology in the field of pharmaceutical, biotech, and medical device industries for the preparation of sterile materials. The term aseptic processing as it is applied in the pharmaceutical industry refers to the assembly of sterilized components and product in a specialized clean environment. Aseptic processes are some of the most difficult processes to conduct in the pharmaceutical industry. Because of the nature of aseptic processes, sterile products produced aseptically present a significantly higher risk to the patient than terminally sterilized products. Because of the high level of risk, an effective quality risk management program is necessary to protect the patient. An effective risk-management program aids in the careful control of the process, reducing the risk of contamination as well as wasted effort in controlling insignificant...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2010 in |
Over the past two decades, intranasal drug delivery has shown tremendous promise for systemic delivery of therapeutic agents, although the potential of the nose as a route of administration has been known since ancient time. Psychotropic and hallucinogenic agents have been used as snuff in many parts of the world for hundreds of years. Because of rich vasculature and highly permeable structure, nasal route could be used as an alternative to parenteral routes of delivery. Nasal route circumvents hepatic first pass metabolism and gut wall enzyme mediated degradation. Nasal route is easily accessible for self-administration without the help of health professionals, and no needle stick hazards are associated with nasal administration. Other advantages of nasal drug delivery systems include rapid onset of action, reduced risk of overdose and improved patient compliance. However, there are several disadvantages of nasal route of administration including impermeability of nasal mucosa to lipophillic and high molecular weight drugs, mucotoxicity associated with long term use of formulation, requirement of expensive delivery device, and dose...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2010 in |
Eye is most unique organ of the body. Various drug delivery systems are used to deliver drug into eyes are used but there are various limitations of conventional systems so researchers are finding new ways by which contact time, bioavailability and residence time can be enhanced as well as patient discomfort and frequency of dose can be reduced. The conventional dosage forms are account for 90% of currently accessible ophthalmic formulations. The major problem encountered is rapid precorneal drug loss. To improve ocular drug bioavailability, there are significant efforts directed towards newer drug delivery systems for ophthalmic administration. Newer research in ophthalmic drug delivery systems is directed towards a combination of several drug delivery technologies, that includes to develop systems which is not only prolong the contact time of the vehicle at the ocular surface, but which at the same time slow down the elimination of the drug. In this review various new drug delivery systems applied in eye like inserts, in-situ gel, liposomes, niosomes, nanoparticles, iontophorosis, corneal shields,...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2010 in |
Holistic living is an art of living in harmony with nature and deals with a concern for the whole universe. The term holistic medicine is derived from the term “Holism” which means that a living being is not to be viewed as a composite of different organs but as an integrated entity viewed as a whole. The holistic concept takes into account individual’s physical, spiritual, nutritional and even social background. Holistic medicine is an intelligent combination best utilizing both streams i.e. while mainstream medicine is well suited for crisis intervention and alternative medicine is for health maintenance. Alternative medicine denotes a system of health care where combinations of healthcare systems are used instead of conventional or mainstream medicine to treat diseases. Alternative medical practices are based on a belief system and are not derived from modern science. But holistic medicine neither rejects conventional medicines nor comprises alternative practices. It is high time to recognize the emerging awareness, need and practice of Holistic and Integrated medicine. Drawing from various systems...
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Posted by admin on Sep 15, 2010 in |
Niosomes are self assembled vesicles composed primarily of synthetic surfactants and cholesterol. They are analogous in structure to the more widely studied liposomes formed from biologically derived phospholipids. Niosomes represent an emerging class of novel vesicular systems. Niosome formation requires the presence of a particular class of amphiphile and aqueous solvent. In recent years a comprehensive research carried over niosome as a drug carrier. Various drugs are enlisted and tried in niosome surfactant vesicles. Niosomes proved to be a promising drug carrier and has potential to reduce the side effects of drugs and increased therapeutic effectiveness in various...
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