Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2023 in |
Background: Vitamin D is a lipid-soluble vitamin that plays an important role in maintaining calcium and phosphorus homeostasis and promoting bone metabolism. It sustains normal values of calcium and phosphorus in the systemic circulation. If the exogenous calcium sources are insufficient, vitamin D together with the parathyroid hormone (PTH) will direct part of the bone calcium. Circulating serum 1, 25(OH)2 D gradually increases during the 1st and 2nd trimesters, owing to an increase in Vitamin D-binding protein concentrations in the maternal circulation. However, it is the free levels of 1, 25(OH)2 D, which are actually responsible for enhancing transport of calcium across the placenta. Hormonal changes initiated even before conception significantly alter maternal biochemistry early in pregnancy. Steroid hormones, peptide hormones and prostaglandins interact to expand blood and plasma volume and modulate the maternal capacity to supply energy and nutrients to the fetoplacental...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2023 in |
Multifunctional, versatile materials with multiple dendrimer branches have myriad binding sites and are in high demand for their drug binding, loading potential, and coatings. Dendrimers are among the latest generations of nano-systems that are potential drug carriers. Dendrimer chemistry is one of modern chemistry’s most captivating and fastest-growing areas. Dendrimer research has grown exponentially in recent decades, from synthesis to application. The distinctive structural features of dendrimers include their nanoscopic size, multi-functionalized surface, strong branching, cavernous interior, etc., which makes dendrimers themselves ideal drug carriers. Dendrimer provides a unique platform for drug attachment that can bind and release drugs through several mechanisms. Developing new smart materials and tracking their structural potential have been focused on curing disease. Other applications, such as catalyzing biomolecules like proteins and selective API pharmaceuticals of toxic metals, dyes, and pesticides, have been thrust research areas in materials and pharmaceutical sciences. In recent years Dendrimers have received significant consideration as drug delivery carriers. As a drug delivery agent, Dendrimer is a promising, safe, and selective...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2023 in |
Andrographis paniculata Nees is a valuable medicinal herb of Acanthaceae family, is used for centuries to treat several diseases including viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, malaria and diabetes. This medicinal plant has hepato-protective, immunological, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and antithrombotic qualities. It has many important bioactive compounds such as diterpenoids, flavonoids and polyphenols. Diterpenoids, including andrographolide, neoandro-grapholide and dehydroandrographolide are the main determinants of Andrographis paniculata quality. The most common and abundant form is andrographolide. Numerous human ailments are treated and prevented by it. Due to its various therapeutic applications, it is widely cultivated in many parts of the world and its relevance as a medicinal plant is constantly increasing. A comprehensive bibliographic search was conducted using offline and Online Databases. The current review aims to offer an updated and thorough analysis of the chemical components, explore their pharmacological potential and lay the basis for further...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2023 in |
There are a variety of causes of death, but one of the most common is a suicide, which has an annual global average rate of roughly 13 per 1000000 people. Men commit suicide at a higher rate than women. Suicide rates were reduced by prescribing higher doses of current antidepressants; however, multiple ecological, cohort, case-control, and controlled clinical trials in patients with acute affective disorder discovered that the risk of suicide ideation is higher in younger patients. As a result, this remains a matter of debate whether antidepressants enhance suicidal ideation in younger patients with acute affective illness. This review outlines the neuroscience of suicide and look into the link between antidepressants and...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2023 in |
Neuropeptides are chemical messengers that are comprised with small chain of amino acid. Neuropeptides are synthesized and released by neurons. Neuropeptides belongs to class of neurotransmitters. Human Behaviour is dependent on social interaction and it is simply modulated by a human’s internal state. In humans, we observe different social contexts that can alter anxiety levels and modulate social behaviour. As like dopamine, serotonin, adrenaline these neuropeptides also modulate behaviours such as addiction, intelligence, habits, social behaviour, reproductive system, moods, pain, states of brain like excitement, sadness, happiness, anxiety, hallucination, depression etc. This review is also outlines about the neuropeptide CRF and NPY for their action on addiction, NPY for effect on memory function. Oxytocin is a birth hormone but it also controls major behavioural activities in male and female but mainly in female it increases social behaviour it gives powers to women hence that she can analyse social clues, identity faces, increase memory. In this review we discuss neuropeptides like Orexin, Dynorphin, Enkephalin, Galanin, CGRP, Oxytocin, CRF (corticotropin releasing...
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