Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2025 in |
Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of various drying methods, such as sun drying, Sunshade drying, hot air oven drying, and Deep freeze-drying technologies, on the elucidation of sensory and nutritional profiles in Sauropus androgynous leaves. Methods: Fresh Sauropus androgynous leaves were used for various drying techniques, such as Sunshade, sun drying, hot air oven, and Deep freeze drying. The leaves were analyzed for changes in nutritional composition, mineral composition, and vitamin concentration. The study involved various drying analysis methods based on the AOAC protocols to evaluate their impact on the leaves’ nutritional and medicinal properties. Results: Sun-dried leaves retained a higher proportion of essential nutrients compared to those dried in a sun shade, hot air oven, or Deep freeze method. The sensory evaluation demonstrated that sun-dried leaves were preferred in color, taste, antioxidants, and overall acceptability compared to leaves dried in a hot air oven. Conclusion: Sun drying is the best technique for maintaining the sensory qualities, nutritional value, and antioxidants of Sauropus...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2024 in |
Background: Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is an injury of the duodenal mucous membrane that normally occurs due to an imbalance between the aggressive and the defensive factors. It accounts for an estimated lifetime prevalence of 5-10% globally. Aim: To evaluate the anti-ulcer effect and phytochemical constituents of extract and fractions of the leaves of D. guineense using an indomethacin-induced ulcer model. Methods: The powdered leaves were cold macerated in 95% v/v of methanol for 48 h. The extract was partitioned successively using ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and n-butanol to obtain their respective fractions. Phytochemical screening was conducted using validated methods. An acute toxicity study was carried out by modified Lorke’s method. The anti-ulcer study was conducted using an indomethacin-induced rat model. Results: The yield of the extract was 4.1% w/w while EtOAc and n-butanolfractions yielded 0.36 and 0.93% w/w respectively. There was presence of tannin, flavonoids, saponins and terpenoids in the methanol extract. Acute toxicity study indicated no mortality or any behavioural changes even at an oral dose of 5000...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2024 in |
Pharmaceutical corporations have been heavily involved in the development of natural plant-based goods to create the most economical and cost-effective medicines for the underprivileged in recent years. Plants are abundant natural product suppliers. One of such natural sources having great medicinal value is Croton bonplandianum, commonly known as ‘bantulasi’; Family: Euphorbiaceae. Because Croton bonplandianum is an alien plant species, the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, resins, phenols, and rutin gives rise to its very useful medicinal value. It is used to treat skin problems, wounds, and high blood pressure. Three distinct guinea pig and frog experimental models were used in this investigation to screen the Croton bonplandianum extracts. The extract at dilutions 1:10, 1:50 and 1:100 showed the anesthetic activity in a dose-dependent manner in contrast to the typical medication xylocaine (0.2%). The techniques include lumbar plexus anesthesia, nerve block anesthesia, frog muscle twitch, guinea pig infiltration anesthesia, and surface anesthesia in rabbits. It was concluded that extracts of Croton bonplandianum possess local anesthetic...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2024 in |
Background: Epilepsy, characterized by repetitive seizures, is studied using pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) in animals. PTZ, a GABA-A inhibitor, is used in various doses in mice to evaluate drug efficacy against seizures. Method: In a PTZ-induced mouse model, different PTZ doses were evaluated: 80 mg/kg i.p., 75 mg/kg i.p., and 80 mg/kg s.c. Seizure behaviors were analyzed, including mortality rates, GTCS frequency and latency, myoclonic jerks, GTCS duration, and post-injection interictal phase duration. Results: Frequency of GTCS was found to be highest, latency to GTCS and myoclonic jerks was least and duration of GTCS was more in PTZ 80 mg/kg, i.p., group, while the PTZ 80 mg/kg; s.c. was found to have longest inter-ictal phase. These are important criterion for the evaluation of any investigational drug for antiepileptic effect. The mortality rate was found to be the same in PTZ 75 mg/kg; i.p. and 80 mg/kg; s.c. (12.5%) groups, while in PTZ 80 mg/kg; i.p. it was found to be highest (25%). The PTZ 80 mg/kg, i.p., for comparison of seizure...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2024 in |
Mitochondria, renowned as the cell’s “powerhouse,” plays a pivotal role in cellular metabolism, influencing various physiological and pathological processes, including cancer initiation and progression. This review delves into the significance of mitochondrial enzymes, specifically Succinate Dehydrogenase (SDH) and Cytochrome c Oxidase (CcO), in cancer biology. Alterations in these enzymes’ activity and expression levels are associated with changes in cellular energetics, oxidative stress and apoptotic pathways, contributing to tumorigenesis. Mutations in SDH subunits are linked to various cancers, particularly paraganglioma, and pheochromocytoma, while decreased CcO activity correlates with cancer development and progression. Experimental evidence, including studies on DBN-treated mice, demonstrates a significant decrease in SDH and CcO activities in cancerous tissues compared to controls, underscoring their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The review also discusses challenges and future directions in utilizing these mitochondrial enzymes as cancer biomarkers, emphasizing the need for further research to enhance their clinical applicability. In conclusion, understanding the roles of SDH and CcO in cancer metabolism offers promising avenues for advancing cancer diagnostics and...
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