Posted by admin on May 31, 2025 in |
Background: Managing Parkinson’s disease (PD) requires a multimodal strategy, with pharmaceutical therapies being an essential component. This study’s goal was to look into how antiparkinsonian drug prescriptions are given to PD patients at a tertiary care facility. Methods: Five hundred Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients who visited the Department of Neurology at Mallige Hospital in Bengaluru, India, participated in an observational, cross-sectional study. Patients’ medication histories were used to stratify them into three different groups: Group 1 (patients on medications at initial visit), Group 2 (patients who discontinued medications), and Group 3 (Drug-naïve patients). Results: The average age of PD onset was 51.5 ± 11.6 years. The patients were divided into three groups at the first visit: 76.4% (n=382) were on medications for PD (Group 1), 12.6% (n=63) had previously taken medications but discontinued (Group 2), and 11% (n=55) were drug-naïve (Group 3). Overall, levodopa was prescribed in 90.33%, trihexyphenidyl in 34.38%, in group 1, 48.7% were on monotherapy, with levodopa being the most commonly used agent (42.9%), followed by...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2025 in |
Controlling the crystal growth in a crystallization set up is a complex and time taking process. In the domain of pharmaceutical set up, crystal differences will largely affect the drug performance and stability. Therefore, it is essential to control the crystallization process and optimize the experimental set up to get desired particle characteristics. Process Analytical Technology (PAT) tools are becoming popular for real-time monitoring and control of crystallization process. These tools are endorsed by regulatory bodies such as Food and Drug Administration in pharmaceutical manufacturing enabling consistent product quality and regulatory compliances. This review is not very exhaustive in nature but provides an overview of the crystallization processes and implications on crystal nucleation and growth. Various available PAT tools and their role in optimizing crystallization process have been discussed. Representative case studies employing PAT tools for monitoring pharmaceutical crystallization have been reviewed and their panoramic view depicted in tabular form. Besides, the challenges associated with the PAT tools in large scale manufacturing have also been touched. PAT in crystallization...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2025 in |
Benign subglottic stenosis is a life-threatening condition. It commonly corresponds to postintubation injuries associated with prolonged endotracheal intubation. The surgical correction of a subglottic stenosis presents anaesthetic challenges which are unique to airway anatomy, physiology and shared surgical airway. Management of these patients involves an integrated multidisciplinary approach and close-loop communication with the surgical team regarding tracheal excision and re-anastomosis, proper intubation and extubation strategies and, adequate postoperative care. Here, we present a case of successful management of a nineteen-year-old girl with post-intubation tracheal stenosis who presented with stridor and difficulty breathing after a history of being intubated for 6 days. She was refractory to conservative management and hence was posted for tracheal resection and anastomosis which is the gold standard therapy. This case report throws light on the challenges faced by an anaesthesiologist in the perioperative management of the...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2025 in |
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) causes enormous economic losses in the livestock business. Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) a member of the Poxviridae family causes the condition. The Neethling strain is the pro to type. LSDV is part of the Capri poxvirus genus which also includes sheep and goat poxviruses. LSD is an enzootic illness that causes skin nodules and is seldom lethal in cattle. Cattle and water buffalo are the only animals afflicted with substantial morbidity but moderate mortality rates. However, calves are more likely to die. LSD can lead to reduced milk and beef production, miscarriages in females and sterility in males. LSD originated from Zambia in 1929. LSD is considered an endemic disease in Africa. However, in 1984 the disease spread beyond Africa. It has been documented in Madagascar, as well as in various Arab Gulf Peninsula and Middle Eastern countries. The disease has recently been reported in LSD-free nations (Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Turkey, Iran, and Iraq), potentially causing economic losses in the livestock business. This review...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2025 in |
In paediatric critical care settings, the use of sedatives is common for managing pain, agitation and anxiety. However, prolonged administration of sedatives can lead to iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome, posing significant challenges in patient care. This study investigates the risk factors associated with iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome in paediatric critical care patients and explores effective management strategies through analysis of clinical data, type of sedative used for underlying medical condition, exposure of sedation, number of sedatives used, RASS (Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale) and (withdrawal assessment tool) WAT-1 score. Our study reveals that infants and males are more prone to IWS. Most patient produced with tachycardia and gave clonidine as treatment plan. We also did comparison between patient produced with IWS and no IWS. By understanding the risk factors and implementing evidence-based management strategies, healthcare providers can optimize the care of paediatric critical care patients and minimize the occurrence and impact of iatrogenic withdrawal...
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