Posted by admin on May 31, 2026 in |
The present study was aimed at incorporation of Frankinsense oil in nanosponges based hydrogel for wound healing activity. The oil was incorporated in nanosponges by the emulsion solvent diffusion method using different combinations of hydrophilic polymers like HPMC K15M, Poly vinyl alcohol, agar, hydrophobic polymers like ethyl cellulose, eudragit S100 and dichloromethane as crosslinking agent. Prototypes A3, D1 and E were selected based upon the yield Further screening was done based on morphology (SEM images), particle size (8.829μm, 0.567μm, 17.416μm resp.) and entrapment efficiency (49.01%, 81.75%, 34.71%) and Prototype E1 was selected for optimization. Optimization was done by using 32 factorial design with design expert software and formulations F1 to F9 were developed. Using entrapment efficiency as the response, contour plot and surface response curve were plotted. GC analysis of dried sample of nanosponge formulation reflected all major constituents present in the oil concluding that the constituents of the oil were unaffected by the formulation process. Optimized nanosponges were incorporated in hydrogels and tested for viscosity (67,666 Centipoise), spreadability...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2026 in |
Glipizide, a second-generation sulfonylurea, is extensively employed in the management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus due to its insulin secretagogue activity. However, its limited aqueous solubility, as classified under the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class II, results in dissolution rate-limited absorption and suboptimal oral bioavailability. The present investigation was aimed at enhancing the solubility and dissolution profile of Glipizide through the formulation of solid dispersions, followed by the development of fast-disintegrating tablets (FDTs) to improve therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance. Solid dispersions of Glipizide were prepared using sodium caprylate as a hydrophilic carrier in varying drug-to-carrier ratios (1:1 to 1:5) employing the solvent evaporation technique. The optimized ratio (1:3) was selected based on preliminary solubility enhancement studies. Fast-disintegrating tablets were subsequently formulated by direct compression utilizing superdisintegrants such as croscarmellose sodium, sodium starch glycolate, and locust bean gum at different concentrations. The prepared formulations were evaluated for micromeritic properties, tablet hardness, friability, content uniformity, disintegration time, and in vitro dissolution behavior. The results demonstrated that all formulations exhibited acceptable...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2026 in |
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from natural sunlight is a well-recognized contributor to skin damage, including sunburn, photoaging, and an increased risk of skin cancer. Photoprotective agents such as sunscreens and sunblocks play a crucial role in reducing these effects by absorbing, reflecting, or scattering UV radiation. Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) is a widely used organic UV filter that effectively absorbs UV radiation and enhances the photostability of personal care products. However, its extensive use has prompted scientific and regulatory interest regarding its safety profile and environmental fate. Regulatory agencies in several regions have established concentration limits for BP-3 based on available toxicological and exposure data, yet human exposure remains common, highlighting the need for continued evaluation. Sunscreens and sunblocks differ in their mechanisms of action, with chemical filters primarily absorbing UV radiation and physical filters providing surface-level reflection and scattering. Both approaches contribute significantly to the prevention of UV-induced skin damage. UVA and UVB radiation, particularly long-wave UVA, are known to penetrate the skin and are associated with cumulative biological effects, including...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2026 in |
Ambrisentan is an endothelin receptor antagonist for rapid administration during early disease progression to provide therapeutic benefit. This study aimed to develop Ambrisentan as a fast-dissolving oral film (FDOF) and evaluate the physicochemical and performance characteristics of the formulated films. The FDOFs were prepared using film-forming polymers, including hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC E6 LV) and 2-hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD), with xanthan gum and propylene glycol 400 at varying concentrations. Eleven formulations were developed and evaluated for parameters including film color, thickness, brittleness, peelability, transparency, surface smoothness, tackiness, film-forming capacity, content uniformity, dispersion time, and dissolution behaviour. The optimized formulation (F9) showed excellent film properties, with content uniformity of 99.6 ± 0.8%, dispersion time of 15 ± 2 s, and dissolution rate of 98.2 ± 1.08% within 12 min. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed no physicochemical interaction between Ambrisentan and polymers. Differential scanning calorimetry showed no significant changes in the melting endotherm of the pure drug and optimized formulation, indicating drug-excipient compatibility. Comparative dissolution studies demonstrated that formulation F9 exhibited superior dissolution...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2026 in |
To determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Gram-negative uropathogens isolated from diabetic patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) attending a tertiary care hospital in Namakkal, Tamil Nadu. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 225 midstream urine samples collected from clinically suspected diabetic UTI patients, of which 132 showed significant bacteriuria. Bacterial identification was carried out using standard microbiological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method following CLSI 2023 guidelines, and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production was evaluated. Gram-negative bacteria constituted the majority of uropathogens. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated organism, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Carbapenems and amikacin demonstrated the highest antimicrobial activity, whereas commonly prescribed oral antibiotics such as ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, and cotrimoxazole showed poor effectiveness. A considerable proportion of isolates were ESBL producers, indicating a high burden of multidrug resistance. UTIs were more prevalent among female diabetic patients, particularly those with longer disease duration. These findings highlight the predominance of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative uropathogens in diabetic UTIs...
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