Posted by admin on Dec 10, 2010 in |
Asthma is disease of the human respiratory system in which the airways constrict and become narrow, often in response to a “trigger” such as exposure to an allergen, cold air, exercise or emotional stress. Due to rapid industrialization and urbanization, asthma prevalence is predicted to increase more rapidly in the coming years. Despite the availability of a wide range of drugs for the treatment of asthma, the relief offered by them is mainly symptomatic and short lived. Moreover the side effects of these drugs are also quite disturbing. Medicinal plants have been known for millennia and are highly esteemed all over the world as a rich source of therapeutic agents for the prevention of diseases and ailments. The importance of herbal medicine in the treatment of asthma is indisputable. Four of the five classes of drugs currently used to treat asthma namely; β2-agonists, anticholinergics, methylxanthines and cromones have origins in herbal treatments going back at least 5000 years. In the present article an attempt has been made to review...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2010 in |
A simple and sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for estimation of Labetalol in human plasma, an adrenergic β-receptor blocking agent used in the treatment of hypertension, which exhibits both α- and β-adrenoreceptor blocking activity. The analyte and internal standard (Metoprolol) were extracted by liquid/liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. The chromatographic separation was performed on reverse phase Phenomenax Luna column (C18, 5µm, 100 x 4.6 mm) with a mobile phase of 2 mM ammonium formate (pH 5.0) / methanol (20:80 v/v), which was pumped at a flow rate of 0.5 mL / min with split ratio of 20:80. The protonated analyte was quantitated in positive ionization by multiple reactions monitoring with a mass spectrometer. The mass transitions m/z 329.01→161.95 and 267.99→115.86 were used to measure Labetalol and Metoprolol, respectively. The lower limit of quantitation was 3.1800 ng/mL with a relative standard deviation of less than 15%. Acceptable precision and accuracy were obtained for concentrations over the calibration curve ranges (3.1800 to 700.8760 ng/ml). Sample analysis...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2010 in |
Aceclofenac is an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the management of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. The objective of the present work was to investigate the effect of different types of carriers such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 and sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) as solubilizer on in vitro dissolution of aceclofenac. Aceclofenac solid dispersions were prepared using 3² factorial design by fusion and solvent evaporation method with PEG 6000, PVP & SLS. Prepared aceclofenac solid dispersions were evaluated for physical appearance, drug content uniformity, and in vitro dissolution studies. The dissolution was determined by USP XXIII apparatus using phosphate buffer pH 7.4. The highest aceclofenac dissolution rate, 99.87% in 60 minutes, was obtained from solid dispersion containing SLS (ASS7) prepared by solvent evaporation method. The general trend indicated that there was an increase in dissolution rate for solid dispersions prepared in following order SLS>PVP>PEG 6000. IR and DSC studies showed no chemical change between drug and polymer and aceclofenac is homogeneously distributed in an...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2010 in |
Ailanthus altissima Swingle (Simaroubaceae) is commonly known as “Tree of heaven”. The methanolic extract of root bark of A. altissima (MEA) was taken for anti-diarrhoeal activity. Investigations were carried out on castor oil induced diarrhoea and small intestine transit method on mice. In former method, MEA 200 (mg/Kg) were reducing the total weight of the faeces of group (0.163±0.028) in comparison to control group faeces (0.652±0.041), were statistically significant (P<0.001). In latter method, the MEA 200 (mg/Kg) inhibited 72.414% of the distance travelled by the charcoal and were significant statistically...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2010 in |
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) are aqueous colloidal dispersions, the matrix of which comprises of solid biodegradable lipids. They are introduced in 1990 as an alternative carrier system to traditional colloidal carriers, such as emulsions, liposomes and polymeric micro- and nanoparticles. SLN combine advantages of the traditional systems but avoid some of their major disadvantages. They exhibit major advantages such as modulated release, improved bioavailability, protection of chemically labile molecules like retinol, peptides from degradation, cost effective excipients, improved drug incorporation and wide application spectrum. This paper presents an overview about the selection of the ingredients, different ways of SLN production, drug incorporation and release, characterization of SLN quality and structure, Sterilization, storage and stability of SLN dispersions and SLN...
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