Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2021 in |
Rutin trihydrate a herbal drug having abundant medicinal properties, mainly used for topical treatment of inflammation, presents a hindrance and reduced anti-inflammatory activity. It is BCS class II drug having low oral bioavailability, poor water solubility (0.125 g/L), and low stability of rutin in aqueous alkaline medium, restricting its application in use. So, it is successfully formulated as an emulgel to improve its anti-inflammatory properties. The current study aims to design, formulate, and optimize Rutin trihydrate emulgel to enhance its efficacy and stability. Emulgel was designed, optimized by using a central composite design taking three independent variables and one dependent variable. Five responses were generated, and the optimized formulation was prepared using carbopol 934(0.8%), clove oil (12.5 ml), and span (2.32%). The emulsifying agent being Tween 20, Span 20, and the preservatives used are methyl and propyl parabens. The formulation (F2) with this combination gave emulgel of yellow color, homogeneous with good consistency, possessed pH of 6.51 ± 0.04, drug content of 98.7%, the viscosity of 14, 980 cps,...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2021 in |
This paper examined the liquisolid compact method as one of the tools for greater dissolution of the practically water-insoluble drug famotidine (FM). Therefore, the model drug, FM, has been formulated as directly compacted tablets and liquisolid compacts and then investigated for in-vitro release properties at diverse dissolution circumstances. According to the method, it is possible to convert the liquid medications of water-insoluble drugs in the non-volatile liquid vehicles into reasonably compressible and flowing powders. The formulated systems have been evaluated in terms of the pre-compression factors like the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, flow features of the liquisolid system, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), post-compression factors, including the content uniformity, hardness, friability and weight variation, disintegration test, in-vitro dissolution examinations, effects of the dissolution volume as well as pH on the drug release rate and approximation of the fraction of the molecularly dispersed drug in the liquid medication. Since, the liquisolid compacts revealed notably greater drug release rates in comparison to the direct compress tablets in diverse dissolution volumes and...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2021 in |
In recent years, the extensive use of antibiotics has resulted in their frequent detection in the effluent discharge of wastewater discharge plants (WWTPs). In this study, the feasibility of using Surfactant-Modified Kaolinite (SMK) to remove the antibiotic, Ciprofloxacin (CIP) from wastewater was evaluated from batch experiments. The batch adsorption system was utilized to evaluate the CIP removal efficiency at different contact times, SMK dosages, and CIP concentrations. The experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) isotherm models. R2 values of Langmuir and D–R isotherm models are higher than that of other models, and maximum monolayer coverage (qmax) was calculated as 61.82 mg/g. The separation factor of 0.495 indicated favorable sorption. Also, from the Freundlich isotherm model, the intensity of adsorption (n) that indicated favorable sorption was 2.954. The kinetic study of sorption indicates that the pseudo-second-order model provides a better correlation of the sorption data than the pseudo-first-order, confirming the chemisorption of CIP ions on SMK. The results showed that a significant increase in...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2021 in |
Many infectious diseases have been treated with natural medicine. Now, fungi metabolites continue to play a major role as a therapeutic medicine in many countries. The present study reveals the potentiality of filtrate of Aspergillus terreus and Cladosporium cladosporioides as antidermatophitic agents. Molecular identification of isolates fungi using DNA sequencing of EF4 and ITS4primerswere performed. The fungal filtrate of A. terreus and C. cladosporioides were prepared in Potato dextrose broth and Sabouraud dextrose broth media. Antidermatophitic activity of it was evaluated against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton verrucosum, Microsporum gallinae, Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum canis, Microsporum floccosum, Candida albicans, and Candida tropicalis using dry weight method. The results show that E. floccosum was the most sensitive for Sabouraud dextrose broth filtrate of A. terreus while M. gallinae was the most sensitive for Potato dextrose broth of A. terreus. The potato dextrose broth filtrate of A. terreus was further subjected to the determination of the Minimal inhibitory concentration using different concentrations. The minimal inhibitory concentration values of different extracts were found to be...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2021 in |
Gastrointestinal tract disorders occur due to an imbalance of gastric acid secretion and defensive factors. Histamine receptor blockers and proton pump inhibitors are the most prominent therapies in the treatment of GI tract disorders. Inhibition of the K+/H+ ATPase pump blocks the secretion of gastric acid (HCl) from the parietal cells. The adverse effects of currently available drugs have obligated the screening of herbs as potent alternate medicines. In addition, plants contain different phytoconstituents, which are responsible for increasing defensive mechanisms against GI tract ulcers. Herein, we screen for the inhibition of K+/H+ ATPase pump using the methanolic extract of Clerodendrum inerme leaves. The extract exhibited 62.9% of inhibition (250 μgm) in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 20.560 μgm/ml. Omeprazole (0.2mg/ml) was used as a positive control for the study. GC-MS analysis confirmed the presence of Phytol, a diterpenoid, as a major constituent in the methanolic extract. Hence, terpenoids could be attributed to the hypoacidic activity by inhibiting K+/H+ ATPase enzyme....
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