Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2020 in |
Astaxanthin (3,3′-dihydroxy-β, β′-carotene-4,4′-dione) is a xanthophyll carotenoid, which is found in Haematococcus pluvialis, Chlorella zofingiensis, Chlorococcum, and Phaffiarhodozyma. Astaxanthin play major role as a nutritional supplement, antioxidant and anticancer agent, anti-diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. In our previous study, astaxanthin was first encapsulated by different agents and characterized using SEM, FT-IR, and in-vitro drug release. The present study aimed to explore the anticancer activity of encapsulated and non-encapsulated astaxanthin on the African green monkey normal kidney Vero cell line and HepG2 cell line. From the in-vitro study, the IC50 of HepG2 cells was found to be 500 μg/ml compared to the normal Vero cell line with IC50 of 600 μg/ml of which was confirmed by MTT assay. Further, the fluorescence microscope and DNA fragmentation were carried to analyze the apoptosis in HepG2 treated cells. Thus, our results suggested that liposomal encapsulated astaxanthin (ME1) exhibits good anticancer activity when compared amongst other test samples and positive drug...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2020 in |
In this work, a highly sensitive and selective nanoparticle-based fluorometric biosensor has been reported for the detection of asparagine levels. The L-asparaginase loaded chitosan alginate nanoparticles of size 396 nm with 600 µL of L-asparaginase (44.4 IU/mg) showing 83.5% entrapment efficiency was fabricated via ionic gelation method. In the presence of enzyme L-asparaginase (biocomponent) the substrate L-asparagine gets hydrolyze into L-aspartate and ammonium ions. The ammonium ions released were detected by a change in fluorescence intensity of pH-sensitive dye (Rhodamine 6G) immobilized along with L-asparaginase loaded chitosan alginate nanoparticles on the fiber optic probe. The developed fiber-optic biosensor under optimal conditions showed sensitivity in a detection range of 10-10 to 10-1M concentration with a detection limit as low as 0.04 × 10-10 M within a response time of 2 min. The fabricated biosensor demonstrated good performance analysis in terms of reversibility, reproducibility, selectivity, and stability. The developed biosensor has the potential to be used for the determination of L-asparagine in the diagnosis of leukemia, and in the food industry,...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2020 in |
Lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs) are next-generation core-shell nanoparticle structures comprising polymer cores and lipid/lipid–PEG shells, which produce complementary characteristics of both polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes, specifically in terms of their physical stability and biocompatibility. Recently the LPNs have been shown to have superior in vivo cellular delivery efficacy compared to that obtained from polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes. Since their inception, the LPNs have advanced significantly in terms of their preparation strategy and scope of applications. LPN preparation has undergone a significant shift from the traditional two-step method to the now widely used two-step method, which is more complex principal-wise and yet easy to perform, relying on self-assembly of lipid and polymer. This has resulted in a better product and high production throughput as well. Unlike the initial days when LPNs were used mainly for single drug delivery in anticancer therapy, now they are widely used in combinatorial and active drug targeted delivery, delivery of genetic material, vaccines, and in advanced diagnostic procedures as well. This review throws light on...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2020 in |
Biopharmaceuticals or biologics are the therapeutic agents which are biomolecules (DNA, Protein, Peptide, RNA, antibodies) in nature. These are high molecular weight (300-1000000Da) molecules, which deify Lipinski rules. At present, a large portion of the market share is occupied by protein biotherapeutics. However, peptide-based therapeutics is replacing protein biotherapeutics, as the former has a broad spectrum of action, high activity at low concentration, efficiency, safety, target selectivity, etc. Currently, there are more than 130 proteins and 140 peptide-based therapeutics in the market, and around 500 peptides are in preclinical development. To release the drug at the target site with maximum efficacy and minimum side effects, the selection of a drug delivery route is very important. Some of the drug delivery routes are Oral drug delivery system (DDS), Parenteral DDS, Topical DDS, Pulmonary DDS, Nasal DDS, Brain targeted DDS, Stem cell DDS, Peptide DDS, Self-assembled peptide DDS, Rectal DDS, etc. In comparison to small molecules drug delivery system, there are very few delivery options for the biotherapeutics due to the...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2020 in |
Objective: To analyze In vitro antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content of methanolic extract of some cucurbit fruit peels. Methods: Phytochemical screening of extracts was carried out. Aluminium chloride colorimetric method was used to estimate TFC (total flavonoid content), and TPC (total phenolic content) was measured by Folin-ciocalteu method. Two different assays- DPPH free radical scavenging and FRAP were used for the determination of antioxidant activity. Results: The total phenolic content was found to be maximum in Cucumis melo i.e. 42.64 ± 0.85 mg GAE/gdw, and minimum in Cucumis sativus i.e. 8.52 ± 0.74 mg GAE/gdw. Total flavonoid content was found to be maximum in Cucumis melo i.e. 4.71 ± 0.67 mg QE/gdw and minimum in Citrullus lanatus i.e., 0.74 ± 0.31 mgQE/gdw. Results of DPPH Scavenging activity and FRAP assay revealed that all the peel samples had a significant antioxidant potential, where Cucumis melo show the highest antioxidant potential. Conclusions: Results of the present study showed that the selected fruit peels of cucurbit family have bioactive compounds...
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