Volume 14 (2023) - Issue 7, July
Review Articles
USEFUL MEDICINAL PLANTS HAVING ANTI-CANCEROUS AND ANTI-TUMOROUS MEDICINAL POTENTIAL OF WITHANIA SOMNIFERA (L.) DUNAL, ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA (BURM.F.) WALL AND GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA (L.)
A study has reviewed three medicinal plants from India that have been traditionally used for treating and preventing diseases, including cancer. These plants, namely Withania somnifera (L.) Duna L, Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall, and Glycyrrhiza glabra L., possess anti-cancer and anti-tumorous properties. They contain various bio-active constituents and secondary metabolites, such as Witha...
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THE MYSTERY AND HISTORY OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Even though the malady of dementia has existed for thousands of years, the correlated neurodegenerative alterations taking place in certain regions of the human brain were detected in recent times. Today, we are aware that dementia is a primary manifestation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In 1907, Alöis Alzheimer described the symptoms of a 51-year-old woman, Auguste Deter, who was under his obse...
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CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA (BURM.F) NEES: A REVIEW
Andrographis paniculata Nees is a valuable medicinal herb of Acanthaceae family, is used for centuries to treat several diseases including viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, malaria and diabetes. This medicinal plant has hepato-protective, immunological, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and antithrombotic qualities. It has many important bioactive compounds such as diterpenoids, flavonoids...
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A REVIEW ON PULSATILE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS
In present days, solid oral drug dosage forms are widely used and the largest part of the entire drug delivery system due to their more, easy preferable route of administration and improved patient convenience nature. Most of the oral drug delivery systems show a distinctive drug release pattern, and the drug concentration is maintained within the limit of the therapeutic range. With technological...
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ETHNOMEDICINAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF BACOPA MONNIERI: A REVIEW
Despite the considerable advancement in medical sciences and allopathic medicines, the use of complementary and alternative medicines has dramatically increased worldwide. Bacopa monnieri is one of the most important and highly studied medicinal plants that is being used as an ayurvedic or ethnomedicine for thousands of years. It improves intelligence rejuvenation and treats mental illness, fever,...
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ROLE OF NEUROPEPTIDES IN HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
Neuropeptides are chemical messengers that are comprised with small chain of amino acid. Neuropeptides are synthesized and released by neurons. Neuropeptides belongs to class of neurotransmitters. Human Behaviour is dependent on social interaction and it is simply modulated by a human’s internal state. In humans, we observe different social contexts that can alter anxiety levels and modulate soc...
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POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AS A TOOL FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEW DRUG MOLECULE: A REVIEW
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory illness characterized by persistent synovial inflammation. It’s the most common form of arthritis that causes inflammatory changes in the tissue of joints, destroys cartilage and bones, and affects the quality of life. This diverse disease has a wide range of disease progression and treatment responses. Because the precise origin of rheumat...
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A REVIEW OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANTIDEPRESSANTS AND SUICIDE RISK
There are a variety of causes of death, but one of the most common is a suicide, which has an annual global average rate of roughly 13 per 1000000 people. Men commit suicide at a higher rate than women. Suicide rates were reduced by prescribing higher doses of current antidepressants; however, multiple ecological, cohort, case-control, and controlled clinical trials in patients with acute affectiv...
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A REVIEW OF HERBAL PLANTS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
An inflammatory disorder with an uncertain cause, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is primarily distinguished by progressive cartilage loss resulting in persistent polyarthritis and joint deformity. Studies indicate that pannus development, which harms the cartilage and the bone, is caused by synoviocyte cellular growth, albeit the exact pathophysiology of the condition has not yet been determined. Rece...
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CARBON DOTS – AN EMERGING NANOPARTICLE FOR NANOMEDICINE
Carbon dots are small nanoparticles having a size of less than 10nm. They have distinctive properties such as chemical stability, water solubility, fluorescence emission, easy synthesis, and low toxicity. Because of their special properties, they have been applied in various scientific disciplines. The fluorescence property of Carbon dots enables them for various biomedical applications such as bi...
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ETHANOPHARMACOLOGY, PHYTOCHEMICALS AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF AILANTHUS EXCELSA ROXB: AN OUTLOOK
The genus Ailanthus, which includes both evergreen and deciduous species, is native to both Asia and northern Australia. Traditional medicine relies heavily on this plant, and various components of the plant are utilized to treat a wide range of illnesses. Herbal and ayurvedic drugs have gained worldwide attention over the past decade for their potential health and financial benefits. There are no...
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DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT: A BASIC APPROACH TO IMPROVE THE SUCCESS OF DRUG DISCOVERY
Drug discovery is a process that aims at identifying a compound therapeutically useful in curing and treating disease. This process involves the identification of candidates, synthesis, characterization, validation, optimization, screening, and assays for therapeutic efficacy. Once a compound has shown its significance in these investigations, it will initiate the drug development process earlier ...
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A REVIEW ON RECENT ADVANCES IN EMERGING NANOPARTICLE-BASED BUCCAL DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR ANTI-RETROVIRAL DRUG DELIVERY
The development of mucoadhesive buccal formulations has recently gained a great deal of attention. Despite several proposed solutions, drug permeability and regulated drug release via this mode of delivery remain concerns for successful therapy. Clinical uses for recent advances in nanotechnology have been examined. In addition to ensuring effective distribution, the use of nanoparticles in dosage...
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EVALUATION OF SERUM VITAMIN D AND VARIOUS ORGANS FUNCTION TESTSIN DIFFERENT TRIMESTERS OF PREGNANCY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Background: Vitamin D is a lipid-soluble vitamin that plays an important role in maintaining calcium and phosphorus homeostasis and promoting bone metabolism. It sustains normal values of calcium and phosphorus in the systemic circulation. If the exogenous calcium sources are insufficient, vitamin D together with the parathyroid hormone (PTH) will direct part of the bone calcium. Circulating serum...
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DENDRIMERS IS A SMART NOVEL CARRIER IN DRUG DELIVERY: AN INSIGHT
Multifunctional, versatile materials with multiple dendrimer branches have myriad binding sites and are in high demand for their drug binding, loading potential, and coatings. Dendrimers are among the latest generations of nano-systems that are potential drug carriers. Dendrimer chemistry is one of modern chemistry's most captivating and fastest-growing areas. Dendrimer research has grown exponent...
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OPHTHALMIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR CONJUNCTIVITIS
Ophthalmic drug delivery is greatly onerous for a better remedial response in any type of disease state for instance, conjunctivitis, more commonly published as pinkeye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, a clear membrane that envelopes the outmost lamina of the eye and the inside surface of the eyelids. Usually, conjunctivitis is of the following classes depending on their origins of contagio...
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Research Articles
A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF BIOACTIVE PROPERTIES OF RAW, FERMENTED, AND GERMINATED DEOILED FLAXSEED FLOUR EXTRACTS BY DIFFERENT SOLVENTS
The importance of flaxseeds in the food sector has been highly appreciated due to the presence of phytochemicals and antioxidants. The aim of the present study was to focus on the effect of different solvents used for the extraction of bioactive phytochemicals from raw, fermented, and germinated deoiled flaxseed flours and also evaluated their antioxidant activities. The phenolic content and flavo...
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ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HEAVY METAL-REDUCING MICROBES FROM TANNERY EFFLUENT AND ITS ACTIVITY ON IMMOBILIZED BEADS
Heavy metal pollutants in tannery effluent can be removed using the bioremediation technique. This study intends to extract bacteria that may reduce heavy metals and molecularly characterize them using 16S rRNA PCR in samples taken from tannery effluent. It also studies their cell-free immobilized enzymatic activity. Thirteen bacterial isolates were identified based on morphological, cultural, and...
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SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES AND ANTHELMINTIC AND ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY OF PYRAZOLE CONTAIN NOVEL INDOLIN-2-ONE DERIVATIVES
Background: Imidazole-5-one scaffold has been predicted in the important synthetic drug analogs, which gave valuable information for treatment and high binding affinity to the multiple receptors helpful drug development. Objective: To synthesize and evaluate the anthelmintic, anticancer, and Insilco docking studies of pyrazole contain novel Indole derivatives (4a-4h). Methods: In the present work,...
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PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF HORDEUM VULGARE LEAVES
Hordeum vulgare (Barley) grass is the best functional food for providing nutrition and eliminating toxins from human cells; however, its functional ingredients have also played an important role in health benefits. Flavonoids, saponarin, lutonarin, K, Ca, Se, dietary fiber, polysaccharide, alkaloid, glycoside, tannin, metallothionein and polyphenols are all found in barley grass. Microscopical stu...
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THE ICH GUIDELINES IN PRACTICE: FORCED DEGRADATION STUDIES OF DORIPENEM BY AN LC-MS COMPATIBLE RP-HPLC METHOD
In this manuscript, a fast, stability-indicating RP-HPLC method with UV detection was developed and validated to quantify doripenem in the bulk drug and its injectable formulation. The analysis was performed using Phenomenex (250 x 4.6mm, 5µm) ODS column with a flow rate of 1 mL min–1 and a SPD 20 A UV detector to monitor the eluate at 316 nm. The mobile phase was acetonitrile and 10 mM ammoniu...
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A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON SELF-MEDICATION FOR COVID-19 AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG ADULTS IN A RESIDENTIAL COLONY OF EAST DELHI
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 140 study subjects in an urban residential area of East Delhi selected by simple random sampling method to assess the prevalence of self-medication for Covid-19 and associated socio-demographic and economic factors. Data were collected by interviewing the study subjects using a pre-tested semi-structured interview schedule. The Mean+SD age of the study s...
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EFFECT OF SOLVENT SYSTEMS AND EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES ON TOTAL PHENOL, TOTAL FLAVONOID CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF A POTENTIAL MEDICINAL PLANT TINOSPORA SINENSIS (LOUR.) MERR.
Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr. belongs to the family Menispermaceae is, an important medicinal plant. Ayurveda, an Indian medicinal system, strongly advocates use of T. sinensis as a rejuvenator and several other therapeutic activities. The study's objectives were to assess the effect of the extraction procedure and different solvent systems on antioxidant, total phenol content and total flavono...
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SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF NOVEL TETRAZOLE ANALOGUES OF FLAVONES AS ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
A series of flavones derivatives 11(a-j) have been synthesized and evaluated for their in-vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities. The antibacterial screening data showed that compounds with 4-methoxyphenyl (11c), 4-fluorophenyl (11d), and 2, 5-fluorophenyl (11h) substituent’s on tetrazole ring, showed the maximum activity against the organisms used. The antifungal screening revealed that ...
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METHOD DEVELOPMENT, VALIDATION AND FORCED DEGRADATION STUDIES OF NEW RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF REMOGLIFLOZIN AND TENELIGLIPTIN IN PURE AND TABLET DOSAGE FORM
According to ICH guidelines, an easy, cost-effective, accurate, and precise RP-HPLC method for simultaneously determining Remogliflzin and Teneligliptin was developed and validated. The drug's quantity was determined using a photodiode array (PDA) detector. The column was run in isocratic mode with mobile phase acetonitrile and ammonium phosphate buffer at a 40:60 ratio. The flow rate was one mill...
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A DOUBLE-BLINDED RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED STUDY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING FOREARM AND HAND SURGERIES TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF LOW DOSE DEXAMETHASONE AS AN ADJUVANT TO ROPIVACAINE IN AXILLARY BRACHIAL PLEXUS BLOCK”
Introduction: Ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block is commonly used for forearm and hand surgery. Perineural dexamethasone 8mg has proved to prolong the duration of analgesia, but studies with low doses of dexamethasone are scarce. Hence this study was designed to determine the duration of analgesia with 2 mg dexamethasone used perineurally with ropivacaine. Methods: Fifty-Eight patien...
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DISCRIMINATING DERIVATIVE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC CONCURRENT QUANTIFICATION OF LORATADINE AND AMBROXOL IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM
Understanding the preponderance of respiratory conditions with the symptoms like sore throat and cough being even more common, owing to the coronavirus outbreak. The improved resolution method was developed to quantify drugs Loratidine and Ambroxol from the most effective dosage regimen to treat sore throat and cough. An accurate, precise method was developed for concurrently estimating drugs from...
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FORMULATION AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTI-AGING FACE CREAM CONTAINING LACTIC ACID AND COCOA BUTTER
The main aim of the current research is to formulate and evaluate the anti-aging cream containing lactic acid and cocoa butter. Skin health and beauty is regarded as one of the most important variables influencing general "well-being" and "health" perception in humans because of that, various anti-aging techniques have been created in recent years. Uneven pigmentation, increased wrinkles, loss of ...
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ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF RED OCHRE TRITURATED WITH PUNICA GRANATUM (DADIM BHAVIT GAIRIKVATI)
Antibiotic or antifungal drug resistance is a major challenge in this era. Because the discovery and development of new drugs takes a long time. So, ancient medicine formulations are being checked for antimicrobial properties. Red ochre triturated with Punica granatum (Dadim bhavit gairikvati) is herbo-mineral formulation prepared by red ochre (Gairika/Ferric Oxide fe2O3) triturated with Punica g...
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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF DRY POWDER SUSPENSION USING HERBAL SEED EXTRACT
Introduction: Herbs, which have been used to cure numerous ailments since ancient times, are important in building the foundation of modern medications. They are relatively safe to use, easily available, and also affordable. The present study aimed to investigate dry powder suspension formulated with Linum usitatissimum seeds extract, Cucurbita pepo seeds extract, Sesamum indicum seeds extract and...
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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF NUTRACEUTICAL DRY POWDER SUSPENSION USING MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAVES AND CELASTRUS PANICULATUS SEEDS EXTRACTS
Herbs, which have been used to cure numerous ailments since ancient times, play an important role in building the foundation of modern medications. The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant potential of nutraceutical dry powder suspension formulated with Moringa oleifera leaves and Celastrus paniculatus seeds extract against DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazine-hydrate). Plant extrac...
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A STUDY OF IN-VITRO WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY IN THE METHANOL EXTRACT OF PROTOREASTER LINCKII
A wound is an injury of living tissue or a break in the epithelial integrity of the upper layer of skin. This may lead to disturbance of skin anatomical structure and functions. Nowadays, wound healing is a challenging clinical problem. So, effective wound management is required. Different in-vitro, in-vivo and ex-vivo models have been developed to evaluate wound healing activity. The present stud...
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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FAST DISSOLVING TABLET CONTAINING ACETAZOLAMIDE
This entire study is based on the drug delivery system of the pharmaceutical company to design the drugs. In order to identify the effectiveness of the drug, this study has tried to identify the bonds between peptides & proteins. In this context, this study has chosen the drug acetazolamide and based on the chemical properties, it has made a calibration curve of the drugs in water solution. In...
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METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND METHOD VALIDATION FOR TRACE LEVEL QUANTIFICATION OF TWO POTENTIAL GENOTOXIC IMPURITIES IN BAZEDOXIFENE ACETATE DRUG SUBSTANCE BY USING LC-MS (SIR MODE) SELECTIVE ION RECORDING WITH SHORT RUNTIME ANALYSIS
Bazedoxifene acetate represents a promising new treatment for osteoporosis. LC-MS SIR (Selective ion recording) mode, the shortest runtime method, was developed and validated for the trace level quantification of two potential genotoxic impurities, i.e., Impurity-A (1 – Benzyloxy – 4 - nitrobenzene) and Impurity – B (4-benzyloxy-2-bromopropiophenone) in Bazedoxifene acetate drug substance. ...
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FORMULATION, OPTIMIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FAST-DISSOLVING SUBLINGUAL FILM CONTAINING CLOVE OIL
Clove oil is an essential oil made from the plant, Szygium aromaticum. It is commonly used to help ease digestive issues, relieve pain, and support respiratory conditions. This work aims to determine at what temperature sublingual films are formed most effectively during process. The given temperature batches were manufactured at 75 °C, 80 °C, 85 °C, 90 °C. The sublingual films were prepared b...
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ASSESSMENT OF SELF-MEDICATION PRACTICES AMONG THE HEALTH CARE WORKERS IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL IN NORTH INDIA
Objective: To assess self-medication practices among healthcare workers in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic in a tertiary care teaching hospital of north India. Background: Self-medication practice is a common phenomenon worldwide but has been reported to be very common in developing countries like India. Self-medication practices have gained more significance with the emergence of the Covid-1...
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ISOLATION, SCREENING AND IDENTIFICATION OF UREASE-PRODUCING BACTERIAL STRAIN BACILLUS SPECIES FROM MARINE SEDIMENTS
Marine microorganisms are a valuable source of novel enzymes with ideal characteristics because of the halophilic nature of marine bacteria. The present study aims to isolate, screen, and identify the marine bacterial strains from marine sediment samples that produce an enzyme urease with clinical and industrial applications. Marine sediment samples were collected and cultured on zobell marine aga...
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PHYTOPHARMACOGNOSTICAL STUDY OF AERIAL PARTS OF HOUTTUYNIA CORDATA THUNB.
Natural products are becoming increasingly important as alternative medicines and a source of pharmacotherapeutics either directly or as raw materials from which more or less complex chemical structures proven biological activity are isolated. Houttuynia cordata Thunb. is one of the important drugs, which is traditionally used as anti-inflammatory, diuretic, anti-pyretic and detoxicant. In Indo-ch...
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HPLC FINGERPRINTING OF ETHNOMEDICINAL ANTITUBERCULOSIS PLANTS
Modern phytochemical analysis in terms of fingerprinting of different bioactive phytoconstituents in the roots of Leptadenia reticulata and whole herb of Cocculus hirsutu belonging to the family Ascelpidiaceae and Menispermaceae respectively. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of roots of Leptadenia reticulata and whole herb of Cocculus hirsutus were carried out to develop the ...
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NOVEL RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF RESERPINE AND PIPERINE IN POLYHERBAL FORMULATION
A novel, simple, accurate, precise, robust High-Performance Liquid Chromatography method was developed to simultaneously estimate reserpine and piperine. This method was applied to standardize polyherbal formulation containing these markers as one of its ingredients. The markers were resolved using Prontosil C-18 column, with mobile phase acetonitrile and water containing 0.05% ortho-phosphoric ac...
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AN UPDATED RISK ASSESSMENT AS PART OF THE QBD-BASED ORALLY DISINTEGRATING TABLET DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT
In this paper, a Quality by Design-guided and Risk Assessment (RA)-based study was performed to determine the Critical Material Attributes and the Critical Process Parameters. Direct compression method was applied for the preparation of ODT containing Brivaracetam using 22 factorial designs with the quantity of drug, pharmabust 500 and crosspovidone as independent variables. Pharmabust 500 and cro...
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HPTLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF ELLAGIC ACID, GLYCYRRHIZIC ACID AND HESPERIDIN FROM PUNICA GRANATUM PEEL, GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA ROOT AND CITRUS SINENSIS PEEL EXTRACT
The present study focuses on developing and validating a high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) densitometry method for identifying and quantifying ellagic acid, glycyrrhizic acid and hesperidin in the ethanolic extract of Punica granatum, Glycyrrhizic glabra and Citrus sinensis. The separation was achieved by mobile phase for ellagic acid was Methanol: Water: Formic acid (3.8:4.7:0.8)...
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ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANT DIVERSITY AND THEIR USAGE AMONG RURAL COMMUNITIES INNANTA FOREST REGION, KOTA DISTRICT, RAJASTHAN
Kota district is situated in the south-eastern region of Rajasthan and is well known for its floral biodiversity. The present study has been done in the Nanta forest area located in the Sakatpura forest range in forest division Kota. This area is still unexplored in terms of ethnomedicinal plant diversity, which provides a new area for research in human wellbeing and biodiversity conservation. The...
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL SKILLS AND PROBLEM BEHAVIOUR ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF THE CHILDREN WITH MILD INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN TRICHY DISTRICT
Background: Children with mild intellectual disabilities demonstrate wide diversity in academic and behavioural performance. They develop adequate social, personal, and communication skills. As adults, they function in a variety of contexts. Persons with moderate intellectual disabilities have limited intellectual abilities, have problems in abstracting and generalizing, and are not ready for muc...
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STUDY ON REMOVAL EFFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT MICROORGANISMS IN ANTIBIOTIC-PRODUCING PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES WASTEWATER
Antibiotic yield has been raised by numerous pharmaceutical firms in response to the rising population, the COVID-19 outbreak, and the introduction of several new diseases. Several heavy metals are used in the antibiotics' formulation. The release of antibiotics and heavy metal ions has wreaked havoc on the ecosystem. The issue with heavy metals is that the bulk of them last a long time in the env...
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A COMMUNITY BASED STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF CHATURJATADI SAMBHARAKA ON THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN WITH BALSHOSHA W.S.R. TO PROTEIN ENERGY MALNUTRITION
Introduction: The aim was this trial is to assess to evaluate the effect of “Chaturjatadi Sambharaka” in the management of malnutrition in Children. Material and methods: This research work was done in two phases. Phase one included demographic study and in phase two was clinical study. A Randomized open label-controlled trial was conducted on100 undernourished children of 1-10 years of age gr...
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