Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
Cephalexin is a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic which is used for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infection, urinary tract infection and diabetic foot infection. Since cephalexin is not available as topical formulation, cephalexin was formulated into nanosponge loaded hydrogel as it can enhance skin permeation. Nanosponges of cephalexin were prepared using hydroxyl ethyl cellulose and poly vinyl alcohol by emulsion solvent evaporation method. The particle size and entrapment efficiency was found in the range of 200- 400 nm and 88.5%- 95.6% respectively. Based on the characterization, nanopsonges with high entrapment efficiency and least particle size (NS2) was selected for hydrogel formulation. Five different formulations of hydrogels were prepared by using carbopol 934 with varying concentration of penetration enhancer (propylene glycol) and various evaluation studies were carried out. The in vitro release studies revealed that the formulation with higher concentration of penetration enhancer (15% propylene glycol) showed greater drug release. From the kinetic study, the best linearity was found with first order and Higuchi’s equation. The permeation studies...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
Antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of Drynaria quercifolia rhizome at different concentrations (100, 200 and 300µg/ml) were studied in various in vitro models. Results were compared with standard ascorbic acid. Antioxidant activity of extract was increased with the increasing concentration. The order of antioxidant potential according to models were found to be highest in nitric oxide scavenging activity followed by total antioxidant activity, reducing power assay and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity. IC50 values were found to be 180, 230, 230 and 240µg/ml respectively in nitric oxide scavenging activity, total antioxidant assay, reducing power assay, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity. In conclusion, the results of present analysis demonstrated that Drynaria quercifolia rhizome possess potential antioxidant activity, and could be used as a viable source of natural...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
Yogaraja guggulu a poly herbal formulation, consisting of 29 ingredients, has been used for the neurological, musculoskeletal disorders and in general practice, used for osteo arthritis. In vitro antiarthritic activity is done against pathogens which also include septic arthritis causing microorganisms. This study focused on determining antimicrobial efficacies of methanol (A), ethylacetate (B) and hexane extracts (C) of the Yogaraja guggulu by measuring the zone of inhibition. In vitro antioxidant activities were also assayed by 1, 1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. Antimicrobial activity was tested against the pathogenic bacteria: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterococci bacteria; Pathogenic fungi: Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida bombi, Candida utilis and Trichophyton rubrum. In these three extracts methanol extract (A) showed better zone of inhibition (19-50 mm) when compared with ethyl acetate (B) and hexane (C) (9-40 mm) and (9-45 mm) respectively, against the tested pathogens. DPPH antioxidant activity of all the three extracts showed potent radical scavenging activity in comparison with the positive control,...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
The immunomodulatory potential of n-butanolic fraction of rhizome extract (hydroalcoholic) of Costus speciosus was evaluated. For this different models like estimation of serum Immunoglobulin level, carbon clearance test, delayed type hypersensitivity reaction and humoral antibody were used. In delayed type hypersensitivity reaction and humoral antibody titer , mice were immunized by injecting 20% sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) suspension in sub planter region of paw and intraperitonially, respectively. All the Data was analyzed by one way ANOVA followed by Dunnet’s test at *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001. Serum immunoglobulin level was raised from normal 58.4 ± 2.47 NTU up to 73.083 ± 2.367 and 147.416 ± 2.36 NTU in Low dose test extract (100 mg/kg) and High dose test extract (200 mg/kg) respectively. Phagocytic index of animals in control group was found to be 1.9 ± 0.196 and was raised upto 3.00 ± 0.067 and 4.77 ± 0.710 in Low dose test extract (100 mg/kg) and High dose test extract (200 mg/kg) respectively. In humoral antibody titer reaction button formation took...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
The objective of this work was to develop non effervescent floating tablets by Melt granulation technique. Cefuroxime axetil is having shorter half life of 80 min and hydrolyzed by intestinal esterase to the non absorbable cefuroxime in the gut lumen and is, therefore, suspected as a possible cause of incomplete bioavailability. So there is a need to increase the gastric residence time of the drug. These tablets were prepared by different meltable binders such as paraffin wax, bees wax and carnauba wax as release retardants. Various formulations have been developed by varying concentration of waxes, buoyancing agent and disintegrating agent. The FTIR spectrum indicated the stability and compatability of drug and excipients. All the formulations (F1 to F9) were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, buoyancy studies and In-vitro drug release studies. Among all the formulations, dissolution studies data indicated that F9 formulation exhibited good drug release 0f 91.67% and has shown floating time more than 24hrs with a lag time of 30 min. The mechanism of drug release...
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