Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2015 in |
The use of noninvasive biological samples such as saliva, it is of great interest for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), including the anticonvulsants Phenytoin (PHT). A simple analytical methodology by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed and validated to carry out a relative comparative bioavailability (RBA) study of two PHT formulations in human plasma and saliva and the subsequent correlation between both matrixes. A single-dose, randomized-sequence, open-label, two-way crossover study, was conducted in 24 healthy Latin American male volunteers. The bioequivalence of 200 mg PHT tablet was evaluated using plasma and saliva to determine Cmax, Tmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-∞. Figures of merit of the proposed methodology were as follows: linear ranges of 40-5055 ng/mL and 5-1340 ng/mL for plasma and saliva, respectively, with a correlation coefficient of (r)>0.999. The LOD and LOQ were 15 ng/mL -40ng/mL for plasma and 1.5 ng/mL – 5.0 ng/mL for saliva. Accuracy, precision (as %CV) and recovery were accepted according the bioequivalence criteria. Stability showed %bias<15%. The PHT saliva/PHT plasma ratios for all parameters were:...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2015 in |
Objective: This study was undertaken to investigate the potential role of etanercept in amelioration of myocardial I/R injury induced by ligation of coronary artery in a mice model. Materials & methods: Adult male Swiss Albino mice were randomized into 4 equal groups. Group (1) sham group: mice underwent the same anesthetic and surgical procedure as the control group except ligation of LAD coronary artery , Group( 2) control group: mice subjected to regional ischemia for 30 min and reperfusion for 2 hours by ligation of LAD coronary artery ,Group( 3) control vehicle group: same control group except mice given IP normal saline before reperfusion 5 minutes, Group( 4) Etanercept treated group : mice treated with etanercept 5 mg/kg i.p. 5 minuts before reperfusion of ligation of LAD coronary artery. The heart tissue (below the ligation site) was used for measurement of apoptosis (caspase 3 and Bcl-2)and histopathology study. Results: Histologically, all mice in control group showed significant (p<0.05) cardiac injury. Furthermore all mice in control group showed significant (p<0.05)...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2015 in |
Free radical scavenging potential and phytochemical analysis of the two different extracts of lyophilized wheat seedling juice powder (WSJP) Triticum aestivum L.(Gramineae),“Nature’s Finest Medicine” was evaluated in vitro by using diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay and preliminary phytochemical analysis. In this method the antioxidants present in WSJP extracts reacted with DPPH, which is a stable free radical and converted it to 1,1-diphenyl-1,2-picryl, hydrazine. The scavenging effect of plant extracts and standard (L-ascorbic acid) on the DPPH radical decreased in the following order: L-ascorbic acid>Methanolic extract (I) > Water extract (II) and it was found to be 97.3%, 58.6% and 35.1% at concentration of 100µg/mL, respectively. The results were expressed as IC50. Ascorbic acid which was used as a standard showed an IC50 of 19.2µg/mL, whereas, the crude methanolic (I) and water (II) extracts of lyophilized wheat seedlings juice powder showed antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 81.4 and131.3, respectively at 1-100µg/mL concentration. None of the extracts were found to be more active than the standard i.e. ascorbic acid. But still, free...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2015 in |
The alkaloid piperine from the spice family Piperaceae has been reported to possess poly-pharmacological activities including anti-depressant and cognitive enhancing effects. It has been suggested that its neurocognitive benefits may be via its activity on the cholinergic system, particularly on the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a pharmacological target for neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The paucity of information on the potential mechanism of inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), also a primary target for drug development for the treatment of AD, prompted this in vitro investigation. Dose-dependent inhibition of AChE and BuChE by piperine was determined using a modified classic colorimetric method of Ellman. Kinetics of inhibition was determined by Lineweaver-Burk methods. Piperine inhibited both AChE and BuChE in a concentration dependent manner with IC50 values of 0.12 mM and 0.067mM, respectively. Piperine exhibited a higher selectivity towards BuChE with a BuChE/AChE ratio of 0.56mM. Kinetic values for AChE classify piperine as a competitive inhibitor whereas the values for BuChE classify it as a mixed inhibitor. Compared to...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2015 in |
Background: Stem cells have great potential in regenerative medicine due to their multipotentiality. Treatments involving cell sheets for tissue reconstruction require a large number of cells to repair the tissue damage, and the cells are fragile. Combined with a porous chitosan scaffold (PCS), adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), which are ubiquitous, can be delivered to a target tissue in vivo. This approach provides mechanical support to the skin until the normal tissue is regenerated. In the present study, ASCs were characterized and tested for their viability on a PCS in vitro prior to in vivo application. Results: The ASCs expressed CD29, CD73, CD90 and CD105 but did not express CD34, as demonstrated by immunocytochemistry. Most of the ASCs were found to be viable on the PCS at 24 and 72 hours of culture. These results suggest that ASCs seeded on a PCS have high viability, allowing ASCs to be enriched for therapeutic applications. Conclusions: This qualitative study has proven ASCs were able to survive on PCS as indicated by the...
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