Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2015 in |
Five steroids have been isolated and identified from methanol extracts of stems of Polygonumpulchrum (Bambu-bambu, Tolakinese, a South East Sulawesi Ethnic), namely; (1) sigmasta-4, 25-diene-3,6-diol; (2) 6β-hydroxystigmasta-4.22-dien-3-one, (3) stigmasterol, (4) stigmasta-4.22-dien-3-on, and (5) ergosterol peroxide. The isolation was worked by using chromatography method including thin layer chromatography (TLC), vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) and radial chromatography (RC) with silica gel as adsorbent and solvents mixture as eluent. The compound structures were evaluated by spectroscopic data (FTIR and NMR data) and then the results were compared with the existing data from references. Biological activities of all compounds were evaluated toward DPPH (1,1 Diphenyl-2-picrylhidrazyl) as a radical source and WiDr cells lines. The radical scavenger activities and anticancer potency of all compounds were indicated by IC50 value. The values of IC50 (µM) of sigmasta-4, 25-diene-3,6-diol, 6β-hydroxystigmasta-4.22-dien-3-one, stigmasterol, stigmasta-4.22-dien-3-one, ergosterol peroxide, and Vitamine C (standard) toward DPPH were obtained at 165.4 ± 0.22;233.4 ± 0.28; 372.3 ± 0.33; 144.80 ± 0.24; 1083.1 ± 0.38and 68.9 ± 0.12, respectively. Moreover, potency the compounds as...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2015 in |
Nifedipine has poor dissolution characteristics due to its poor wetability and dispersibility in body fluits, floating mucoadhesieve system in a Simplex Lattice Design were combined in an attempt to prolong its gastric residence time. This research was aimed to find an optimum formula, through finding effects of adding polymers (Carbopol 934P, gelatin) concentration and optimum gas generating, to be combined with its Nifedipine spray-dry release with PVP K-30. Nifedifine was produced by a spray-dried method with the 30% drugloads using PVP K-30. All performed dispersions were characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Powder Difractometry (XRPD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and in-vitro drug release. The 5% and 15% concentration of Carbopol 934P, gelatin, and (citric acid:Na2CO3) were used. Based on the Design Expert Optimation program, the optimum formula of Nifedipine tablets was obtained that it consisted of 12.02% Carbopol 934P, 5% gelatin, and 7.98% gas generating which resulting the physical characteristics of 3.00% moisture content, 10.51 g/sec flow-rate, 4.51 kg/cm2 hardness, 0.48% fragility, 58.10% DE, 100.20 sec Floating...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2015 in |
Complexes of Nickel(II) with 2-heptanonesemicarbazone (hsc) and 2-heptanonethiosemicabazone (htc) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance measurements, magnetic moments, mass, IR and electronic/spectral studies. Synthesized complexes were found to have a general composition of Ni(L)2X2 (where X=Cl–, 1/2SO42-, NO3–, ClO4–, NCS–, CH3COO– and L=hsc or htc). Molar conductance indicates that all the complexes are non-electrolytes in nature whereas chloro complexes are 1:1 electrolytes. Metal complexes of 2-heptanonesemicarbazone were soluble in hot ethanol, methanol, acetone and DMSO and insoluble in chloroform, benzene and water, whereas metal complexes of 2-hepatanonethiosemicarbazone were soluble in ethanol, methanol and acetone, insoluble in chloroform and benzene. On the basis of IR and electronic spectral analysis thiocyanato, sulphato, perchlorato, acetato and nitrato complexes of were found to have six-coordinate octahedral geometry whereas chloro complexes were five-coordinate and having trigonal bipyramidal...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2015 in |
The objective of the present study was to i) Extract ursolic acid , a pentacyclic triterpenoid from Ocimum sanctum; ii) develop a HPTLC based method for its quantification; and iii) investigate ursolic acid dependent adaptive response to cytotoxic effect of hydrogen peroxide. To elucidate the possible underlying mechanism(s), lymphocytes were co-incubated with hydrogen peroxide (0, 10, 25 and 100 mM) and ursolic acid (20 and 40 mg/ml incubation medium). After 2 h of incubation we investigated the profile of DNA strand breaks, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), apurinic/apyrimidinic sites (AP sites) and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) residues in DNA. Results showed that ursolic acid inhibited hydrogen peroxide induced DNA strand breaks. Ursolic also showed significant free radical scavenging as indicated by reduced ROS and decreased AP sites. The formation of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) in lymphocyte DNA was also inhibited. These findings clearly showed mechanistic basis for protective effect of ursolic acid against intracellular ROS and consequent generation of AP sites in genomic DNA. In conclusion, our studies clearly suggest that ursolic acid...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2015 in |
Objective– To evaluate the antidepressant activity of chronic administration of Tramadol alone and when combined with Fluoxetine in low doses in albino mice. Methods– The antidepressant effect was determined by recording the immobility time in Despair Swim Test. The mice were randomized into seven groups, with six mice in each group. Group 1 mice were given normal saline (10 ml/kg) which served as control. Mice of groups 2, 3 and 4 received Tramadol in graded doses (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg). Fluoxetine (standard drug) was given to mice of groups 5 and 6. Tramadol and Fluoxetine in low doses (10ml/kg each) were co-administered to mice of group 7.All drugs were given intraperitoneally for 7 days and were subjected to despair swim test on the day 7 of drug administration. Results– Tramadol and Fluoxetine have shown significant antidepressant activity when compared to the control. There is dose dependant increase in antidepressant activity of Tramadol. The antidepressant of Tramadol 20 mg/kg was comparable to Fluoxetine 20 mg/kg. Tramadol potentiated the antidepressant...
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