Posted by admin on Feb 26, 2015 in |
One of our greatest challenges in improving nation’s economy is to reduce the dependence on imported petroleum products. To accomplish this, we need a variety of alternative fuels, which includes ethanol produced from cellulosic materials. Cellulose is a rich natural biopolymer on earth and most dominating agricultural waste. Apart from the fossil fuels, bioethanol is used as chief renewable energy source found on earth. Hence, we developed the structural molecular model of the endoglucanase III from Trichoderma reesei by homology modelling using Modeller 9v12. Based on sequence similarity with protein of known structure (PDB ID: 1H1N) was chosen from PDB by using protein BLAST. The models were evaluated by PROCHECK. Resulted Ramachandran plot analysis showed that conformations for 99% of amino acid residues are within the most favored regions. A possible active site was identified in the model using Sybyl6.7. The predicted model permits initial inferences about the unexplored 3D structure of the endoglucanase III and may promote in relational designing of molecules for structure-function...
Read More
Posted by admin on Feb 26, 2015 in |
The interaction of the antibiotic, tetracycline hydrochloride (TC.HCl) has been investigated employing three simple spectrophotometric and conductometric methods. In methods (A and B), a kinetic spectrophotometric procedure based on the oxidation of (TC.HCl) by Fe3+ ion in the presence of 1, 10 – Phenanthroline (o-phen) (A) and 2, 2′- Bipyridyl (bipy) (B) was developed. The formation of the ferroin complexes applying both methods was carefully optimized and their absorbance was measured at 509 and 520 nm respectively. The initial rate, rate-constant, fixed-time and fixed-concentration methods were adopted for constructing the calibration curves. In method (C), conductometric titration of (TC. HCl) with K3Fe(CN)6 was investigated. Mole ratio – molar conductance plots showed that a 1:1complex was formed. Methods (A and B) allowed the determination of (TC. HCl) in the range of 1.00–5.00 and1.25–10.00 µg/ml respectively, while method (C) was applicable over a wider concentration range0.2-20 mg/ml. The proposed procedures were successfully applied to determine the drug as per se and in its commercial dosage forms with no interference from adjuvants...
Read More
Posted by admin on Feb 26, 2015 in |
Itraconazole is an anti-fungal drug. It prevents growth of several types of fungi by preventing the fungi from producing the membranes that surround the fungal cells. It is active against fungal infections such as aspergillosis, blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, and candidiasis, as well as fungal infection localized to the toenails and fingernails (onychomycosis). The oral liquid is typically used in patients with oral thrush, especially AIDS, and in the prophylaxis of fungal infections in leukemia or after bone marrow transplantation. The present study is aimed to develop mucoadhesive buccal tablet containing itraconazole. Various approaches to combine hydrophilic (HPMC, chitosan) polymers have been made to prepare total six formulations. Further, these formulations were subjected to different evaluation studies like content uniformity, surface pH, friability, bio adhesiveness and dissolution tests. Results for in vitro drug release and bio adhesiveness studies suggest that the formulation (F5) containing chitosan (20%w/w) and HPMC (80%w/w) has shown better mucoadhesive property. Thus, the present investigation suggests the combination of HPMC and chitosan, as hydrophilic polymers for preparation of...
Read More
Posted by admin on Feb 26, 2015 in |
In present study to evaluate the mechanisms behind the antioxidant and neuro-protective potential of Orthosiphon staminus methanol bio active guided fraction (OMF) using SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell culture model was carried out. In in-vitro studies, mechanisms of neutralization of H2O2 induced toxicity by OMF using MTT, LDH, ROS, MMP, MDA, Comet assay was performed. Regulation of anti-oxidant enzyme levels by western blot analysis and neuronal biomarker genes (BDNF, TH and AADC genes) at genetic level by quantitative RTPCR was performed. Cells pretreated with OMF effectively prevents the H2O2 induced anti cell proliferation (cell viability), oxidative stress, genotoxicity and significantly enhance (~ 6 fold, p < 0.01) the expression of antioxidant enzymes and increase in (~ 4 fold, p < 0.01) neuronal biomarker gene expression. Present study demonstrated that, significant neuro-protective activity of O. staminus methanol bioactive guided fraction against H2O2 induced oxidative stress by antioxidant mechanisms and enhancement of neuronal biomarker gene expression. This study validate its use by folk medicinal practitioners in India. Therefore, OMF of O. staminus...
Read More
Posted by admin on Feb 25, 2015 in |
Ulcerative colitis is gaining more prominence these days because of its complications (both local and systemic), impairing the quality of life of patient and increased morbidity and mortality rate. For instance, a case was reviewed which proved the role of clinical pharmacist in the treatment plan and in providing a cost effective therapy. The review of the case resulted in a dosage error and prescribing an unnecessary drug that lead to socioeconomic burden on the patient. Hence changes need to be made where a clinical pharmacist plays a key role in providing a rational therapy and better patient...
Read More
