Posted by admin on Jan 30, 2015 in |
The glucosamine-6-phosphate isomerase and Jacob glycoprotein gene expression levels were assessed during E. histolytica excystation from the feces of five patients. Excystation was performed at 0, 24, 48 and 96 h in Robinson medium, and RNA was extracted from the cysts and trophozoites. cDNA was synthesized to amplify the genes using real-time RT-PCR. The results demonstrated differences according to the incubation time and/or conversion of the cystic phase to the trophozoite, where the most important expression in the genes was observed at 96 h excystation. The expression levels of the genes studied positively correlated with the population of trophozoites during...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2015 in |
Two flavonoids were isolated by performing column chromatographic separation of methanol extract of ariel parts of Derris brevipes (Benth) Baker. Structural elucidation of purified compounds was done on the basis of spectral analysis using IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR 2D NMR spectroscopy and Mass spectrometry. The structures of the flavonoids were elucidated as 2’, 4’-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-3’-prenylchalcone (compound1) and Leutolin-3′-O-xilofuranose (compound...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2014 in |
Hypobaric hypoxia induced systolic heart dysfunction and arrhythmia is prevalent in ascendants. L-type calcium channel blocker amlodipine plays important role in modulating cardiac function. We tested if amlodipine could impart cardio protection and restore oxidative balance under hypobaric hypoxia, by modulating HIF-1α activity and calcium accumulation, thus, protects from cardio-toxicity. Experimental animals, male Sprague-Dawley rats (180-200 g), were randomized into four groups, i.e. normoxia control (N), normoxia + amlodipine (N+AML), hypoxia control (H) and hypoxia + amlodipine (H+AML) (n=8), and exposed to hypobaric hypoxia for three time points i.e. 24 h, 48 h and 72 h to assess cellular damages. Amlodipine treatment not only restored systolic blood pressure and heart rate to normal levels under hypobaric hypoxia, but also regulated HIF-1α expression, Akt/p-Akt levels and intracellular Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]i).Biochemical markers of oxidative damage, i.e. glutathione reduced (GSH), glutathione oxidized (GSSG), lipid peroxidation (MDA) and free radical generation by reactive oxygen species (ROS) estimation were significantly restored by intraperitonial administration (10 mg / kg b.w.) of amlodipine. Amlodipine was found...
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Posted by admin on Dec 25, 2014 in |
Frequent drug shortage, poor storage conditions and inadequate knowledge of health care workers for inventory management are among the factors affecting the supply chain of antimalarial drugs in Tanzania. These factors largely contribute to poor quality, shortage and irrational use of antimalarial drugs in the public health facilities. The aim of this study was to assess the management of antimalarial drugs in the public health facilities in Dar-es-salaam, Tanzania. Thirty two (32) pharmaceutical personnel were interviewed regarding management of antimalarial drugs in the health facilities. The average time stock-out of antimalarial drugs was assessed for the period of January to December 2010. Adequate storage conditions and handling of medicines procedures were also assessed. About two thirds of drug store managers had poor knowledge on quantification concept. All drug store managers had inadequate knowledge on the concept of procurement, and there were no effective and efficient procurement systems in all the health facilities. The percentage time for stock-out of antimalarial drugs was 25% for Artemether-Lumefantrine (ALu), 25.7% for quinine tablets...
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Posted by admin on Dec 25, 2014 in |
Pain is a condition that is experienced by everybody in its life irrespective of humans or animals, reason could be due to any intense stimuli. It is a common phenomenon in vertebral animals similar to that felt by humans. This study was designed to determine theanalgesic activity of Argentum Nitricum, Staphysagria and Ignatia Amara in comparison with Acetyl salicylic acid. For this purpose the method of Eddy and Leimbach using heated plate analgesic apparatus was used. Administration of water to the control, standard drug and test homeopathic remedies to animals by oral route and the reaction time of animals were noted at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 min interval on the hot plate. In the conclusion the study proved that the argentum nitricum possess highly significant (p≤ 0.001) analgesic activity among all test remedies and is more potent than the reference drug i.e. acetyl salicylic...
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