Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
Phytochemicals with mosquitocidal potential are now recognized as potent alternative insecticides. This study aims at exploring the mosquitocidal potential of the extract of the medicinal plant Sphaeranthus indicus. The soxhlet extracts of flowers, leaves and aerial parts of S. indicus with four solvents viz., hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol were screened against the larvae of the vector mosquitoes Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus. The commercially available synthetic insecticide temephos was used as positive control. The LC50 values for the hexane extract of the flowers, leaves and aerial parts were 75.62, 48.22, 70.23 mg/L; 18.61, 53.34, 33.04 mg/L and 191.9, 71.58, 116.21 mg/L respectively for A. aegypti, A. stephensi and C. quinquefasciatus. Bioassay-guided fractionation was carried out for the hexane extract of the leaves of S. indicus using a silica gel column with eluents hexane followed by 5% and 10% ethyl acetate in hexane. Fractions were examined by thin layer chromatography (TLC) using silica gel, 60 F254 plates using hexane-ethyl acetate (95:5), pooled the similar fractions and...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
Kidney stones are a global affliction causing a great deal of morbidity and economic loss. The prevalence and control of nephrolithiasis are very important. Herbs and herbal drugs have created interest among the people by their clinically proven effects like immunomodulation, adaptogenic, and antimutagenic. Also, the overuse of synthetic drugs, which results in a higher incidence of adverse drug reactions, has motivated humans to return to nature for safe remedies. The problem of kidney stones or calculi has been a great concern since ancient times and many remedies have been employed. During the ages, these stones are found in all parts of the urinary tract, the kidney, the ureters, and the urinary bladder and may vary considerably in size. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to emphasis on the studies like in-vitro Biomineralization, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) t-RNA sequencing and an herbal option for kidney stone problem based on the promising results obtained in the present...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
Objective: To evaluate the curative effect of Elephantopus scaber Linn. on N’Nitrosodiethylamine induced hepatocellular carcinoma in experimental rats. Methods: Phytochemical analysis of the different solvent extracts of E. scaber revealed various constituents such as flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, etc. in the methanolic extract, which was selected for further study. The curative ability of two different doses of E. scaber methanolic extracts (100mg/kg and 200mg/kg) was evaluated against NDEA (0.02% in water) induced liver cancer in male Wistar rats. Quantification of serum AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH was conducted to assess the extent of hepatotoxicity. Estimation of Reduced Glutathione (GSH), Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), Catalase (CAT) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) determined the anti-oxidant activity of the plant. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical studies for cancer markers namely Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA), vascular endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Cyclin D1 were conducted on liver tissues to confirm the anti-cancer properties of the plant extract. Results: Elephantopus scaber methanolic extract significantly (p≤0.05) reversed the elevation of serum AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, and tissue...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
Genetic relationship between ten wild cultivars of C. roseus L. from four different regions of Rajasthan (Jaipur, Bikaner, Kota, and Jhalawar) with the marked difference in climatic condition was investigated using RAPD markers. Catharanthus roseus L. is a storehouse of several secondary metabolites such as vindoline, catharanthine, vinblastine, and vincristine, etc., thus making it an important source of drugs. A number of varieties of C. roseus L. occurs in wild and are cultivated in India. However, an evolutionary study has been limited. Using 24 decamer primers, we obtained a total of 221 amplicons with an average of 9.20 bands per primer. Out of 221 bands, 187 were found to be polymorphic, and the level of polymorphism was 84.61 percent. The average number of polymorphic bands per primer was 7.79. The average genetic similarity coefficient observed was 0.51 ± 0.186. Phylogenetic tree constructed using the neighbor-joining method of cluster analysis separated all the 10 samples of the C. roseus into two clusters. RAPD analysis thus was effective in differentiating the...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
In this study, the phytochemicals and their antimicrobial potential of flowers of Bauhinia blakeana of Fabaceae Family were evaluated. The selected microbes for the antimicrobial study were E. coli, Enterobacter sp., Proteus sp., and Klebsiella sp. Ethanolic extract was prepared by continuous hot percolation method using Soxhlet extractor, and Antimicrobial activity was tested by Agar well diffusion method using Streptomycin as reference. The phytochemicals present in Bauhinia blakeana flowers were screened by standard method. The phytochemical evaluation revealed the presence of Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Glycosides, Terpenoids, Anthocyanins, Phytosterols, Tannins, Carbohydrates, Saponins, and Phenols. Among the phytochemicals, the Alkaloids and Flavonoids were showed strong results in the phytochemical screening. The Antimicrobial investigation revealed the extract of the flower showing significant Antimicrobial potential against the selected microbes. It showed maximum mean zone of inhibition of 12mm against Klebsiella sp. and a minimum of 7mm against Enterobacter sp. Further research on this plant flowers is to be...
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