Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
Candida albicans has been the most widely premeditated pathogen in antifungal resistance because of their morbidity and mortality allied with infections in immunocompromised patients. A variety of mechanisms of resistance exist, with the most significant being those due to efflux pumps. The emergence of resistance during therapy in other settings appears uncommon but has been described in settings other than HIV-infected patients. We studied azole-resistant mechanism in 20 isolates of Candida albicans from HIV infected patients; these mechanisms include the presence of point mutations in the ERG11 gene and several genes encoding efflux pumps. Using Northern blot analyses, the expression patterns of these genes have been determined during logarithmic and stationary phases of cell growth. Point Mutations and overexpression of ERG11, and several genes encoding efflux pumps, as measured by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in 20 clinical isolates of itraconazole resistant C. albicans strains. CDR1, CDR2, and MDR1 are expressed early on during logarithmic growth, CDR4 is expressed late during logarithmic growth, and CDR1 is preferentially...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
The investigation was aimed at evaluation of the mechanism of anticancer activity of the glycosides from Calotropis gigantea on breast cancer MCF-7 cells through analysis of modulation of gene expression. Cardiac glycosides were isolated from the leaves of C. gigantea, and the compounds were identified through LC-MS. Influence of the glycoside sample on the expression of p53 and Bcl-2 genes in MCF-7 cells was assessed by comparative RT-PCR of MCF-7 cells treated with the test sample, standard drug, and control followed by validation through colony formation assay. Presence of calactin, calotropin, asceplin, and cymarin along with 4 other unidentified compounds has been detected in the glycoside fraction isolated from the leaf sample of C. gigantea. Influence of the glycosides on the modulation of the expression of tumor suppressor gene p53 indicated a weak down-regulation of its expression, whereas on the modulation of Bcl-2 was found to be drastic with almost absolute inhibition of its expression. Results of the study suggest that cardiac glycosides cast a dual influence on MCF-7...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
Several formulations are marketed globally, claiming to be useful in diabetes & other associated diseases. In the present study, an attempt has been made to study the comparative efficiency of herbal formulations, for their hypoglycemic activity. The study was conducted on healthy rats randomly distributed streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic control & test rat groups. In diabetes-induced rats fed with herbomineral formulation 500 mg/kg & 1000 mg/kg. The hypoglycemic activity was studied by measuring the reduction in blood glucose levels & increased body weight at different time intervals. The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the Antidiabetic activity of herbomineral formulation containing five different herbs & two minerals in streptozotocin (STZ 50 mg/kg ip single dose) induced diabetic rats. Treatment with formulation F1 (500 mg/kg) & F2 (1000 mg/kg) by oral administration for 4 weeks produced a significant reduction in blood glucose level & increase body weight in diabetic rats. The efficacy of plant extract was comparable with Glibenclamide & Insulin, a well known hypoglycemic drug. In STZ induced diabetic...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
A novel series of transition metal complexes of [M(C19H18N2O2S)X2], where M = Ni(II), Cu(II), X = Cl–, NO3–, ½ SO42- and (C19H18N2O2S) moiety corresponds to the tetradentate aza-oxo macrocyclic species, were synthesized by template condensation reaction of 1,4-bis(2-formylphenoxy)butane and thiourea in the presence of divalent metal salts in 1:1:1 ratio. The metal complexes were characterized and analyzed by elemental analyses, molar conductance, magnetic measurements, and spectral techniques like IR, mass, UV-VIS, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and thermal studies. The low values of the molar conductance values indicate the non-electrolytic nature of synthesized complexes except nitrato complex of Ni (II) which is 1:2 electrolytic in nature. Based on aforesaid spectral studies, [Cu(C19H18N2O2S)(SO4)] complex may possess trigonal bipyramidal geometry, [Ni(C19H18N2O2S)](NO3)2 complex tetrahedral geometry and rest of the complexes six coordinated octahedral/tetragonal geometry. To explore the complexes in the biological field, synthesized transition metal complexes were examined against the pathogens A. niger, S. rolfsii, F. oxysporum, and A. brassicae. All metal complexes displayed good antifungal...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
The present study was aimed to investigate the methanolic (MEMP), ethyl acetate (EEMP) and n-hexane (HEMP) extracts of the whole plant of Mucuna pruriens for their in-vitro Antiurolithiatic potential. Calcium oxalate crystallization was induced by the addition of 0.01M sodium oxalate solutions in synthetic urine. The in-vitro anti-urolithiatic activity of various extracts of M. pruriens was investigated by measuring the turbidity of various concentrations of (50µg m/ml, 100µg m/ml, 150µg m/ml, 200µg m/ml, and 250µg m/ml) each extract in synthetic urine, by using UV/Visible spectrophotometer at 620 nm after incubating them for 10 min and microscopically under microscope equipped with digital camera at 10X. The results of the present study showed that the MEMP, EEMP dose-dependently inhibited the formation of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystallization in the synthetic urine which was evident from the spectroscopic as well as in the microscopical studies. It was concluded that the antiurolithiatic activity of Mucuna pruriens was possibly mediated through inhibition CaOX crystals in the synthetic urine. But, further, in-vivo, preclinical studies are required...
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