Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2014 in |
The in vitro antimicrobial activity of acetone, methanol and water extracts of leaf, stem bark and fruit of Elaeocarpus serratus L. (Elaeocarpaceae) was examined against four bacterial species (Shigella sonnei, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and a fungal species (Candida albicans) using the agar well diffusion method. Phytochemical screening was carried out for phenols, flavonoids and tannins. Results showed that the plant extracts exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of microorganisms. The acetone and methanol extracts of leaf and stem bark of E. serratus displayed maximum antibacterial activity against all the bacterial species studied. The plant extracts also displayed high antifungal activity against Candida albicans especially, the acetone extract was found to be more active antifungal. Generally, the lower concentrations of the extracts were susceptible to the fungal pathogen. E. serratus extracts contained phenols, flavonoids and tannins at varying levels. The ability of the crude extracts of the test plant to inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi is an indication of its broad spectrum antimicrobial potential which may...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2014 in |
The investigation was carried out to determine the possible bioactive compounds marine macro algae Padina australis using methanol extract. The GC-MS analysis of methanol extract was performed using perkin Elmer GC clarus. Six compounds were identified from Padina australis showed highest peak area Pentadecanoic acid 14-methyl ester [100%] followed by 1, 2 Benzenedi carboxylic acid, butyl octyl ester [91.5%], Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester [82.3%] 10-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester [78.6%] and Oleic acid [56.4%]. The compound 9- Octadecenoic acid [Z]; 2-hydroxy-1 [hydroxyl methyl ester] showed the lowest peak area of...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2014 in |
Objective: To investigate the neem active constituent nimbolide for the evidence of acute toxicity and its protective effects against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver toxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: Group allotment in hepatoprotective activity study included vehicle, CCl4 (1ml/kg), Silymarin (100 µg/kg/day) + CCl4 and graded doses of nimbolide (100 and 200µg/ kg/ day) + CCl4. On 9th day, blood was obtained for determination of biochemical parameters and liver tissue for pathological examination. Results: There were no toxicological effects as evidenced by signs of mortality, behavior, diet consumption and tissue weights, however, some hematological parameters showed alterations in their value at higher dose level. The degree of protection was measured by using various biochemical parameters like total protein, albumin, BUN, AST, ALT and ALP levels. Nimbolide showed dose dependent hepatoprotective in nature which was further substantiated by marked decrease in incidence of hepatocellular necrosis on histopathological and transmission electron microscopic analysis. Conclusion: This study suggests nimbolide possess hepatoprotective effect against CCl4 induced liver damage in rats with efficiency...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2014 in |
A simple, accurate RP-HPLC method has been developed for simultaneous determination of Lopinavir (LPV) and Ritonavir (RTV) from tablet dosage form on reversed phase Brownlee C18 column. The sample was analyzed using acetonitrile: 10 mM ammonium acetate buffer (pH 4.5): Methanol (40:30:30) as a mobile phase at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and detection at 210 nm using UV detector. The limit of detection (LOD) was found to be 0.061 µg /ml and 0.083 µg /ml and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was found to be 0.184 µg /ml and 0.25 µg /ml for LPV and RTV, respectively. Linearity was observed in the concentration range of 5-35 µg/ml. Both the drugs were spiked in 5% proportion with human plasma, extracted by plasma protein precipitation by using acetonitrile and analyzed by HPLC. The retention time for RTV and LPV was found to be 10.30 and 12.58 min respectively. The % recoveries of RTV and LPV were found to be 86.38 to 93.24% and 88.56 to 92.34% respectively. The LOD was...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2014 in |
Snake venom is cocktail of various enzymes, toxins. Snake venom components have major role as therapeutics application in current drug industry. Snake venom toxins plays vital role as one of the major component in case of bite and most of the toxins are lethal which are of various types such as cardio-toxins, myotoxins and neurotoxins etc. The Indian Cobra neurotoxins sequences were retrieved form Swissprot Database. The ten neurotoxins were characterised and three were modelled using in silico approach whose structure were not available on Protein Data Bank and protein model portal. The neurotoxins were modelled using homology modelling approach and energy minimisation was carried out for all the three neurotoxins. The stearic hindrance was removed using chiron server. The Ramchandran plot was used to validate the modelled structure which provides idea of the modelled structure conformation and configuration and it was satisfactory. Further the modelled structures will be used to understand docking with the suitable...
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