Posted by admin on May 1, 2014 in |
Topical gel preparations are intended for skin application or to certain mucosal surfaces for local action or transdermal penetration of medicament or for their emollient or protective action. Topical delivery of drugs can be achieved by incorporating drug into the gel matrix for effective delivery of drugs, thus avoiding first pass metabolism and for increased local action in pain management and skin diseases. NSAID’s are non-steroidal drugs having excellent anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity but NSAID’s produces GIT ulceration, liver and kidney trouble especially in case of oral administration. In view of adverse drug reaction associated with oral formulations, many NSAID’s are increasingly administered by topical route. Hydrophilic polymers like Guar gum and Carbopol 940 of varying concentrations were used in an attempt to develop topical hydrogel formulations of diclofenac sodium. Evaluation tests for visual appearance, pH, viscosity, spreadability, assay, in vitro drug release, ex vivo drug release were carried out. In vitro drug release studies were carried out by using USP V dissolution apparatus. The effects of polymer composition...
Read More
Posted by admin on May 1, 2014 in |
Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluatethe anti convulsant property of aqueous extract of Sapindus laurifolia in Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and MES induced convulsions in experimental models. Materials & Methods: The purpose of this study is to explore the anticonvulsant activity of ethanolic extract of Momordica tuberosa using Pentylenetetrazole and maximal electric shock induced convulsions in rats. MES Model: rats were divided into 4 groups of 6 rats each. GROUP-I (NC) received 2% GA 2ml, GROUP-II (STD) received Phenytoin 25mg/kg, GROUP-III, IV received low dose (300 mg/kg) & high dose (600 mg/kg) of Sapindus laurifolia respectively orallyConvulsions were produced in all groups by giving maximal electric shock of 150 mA for 0.2sec after 1 hour of giving test and standard drugs orally. Tonic clonic seizures were produced after giving electric shock. Recovery time was noted. The percentage of inhibition of convulsions by drugs was measured and compared between the control, standard and test. PTZ model: Rats weredivided and test drugs were given same as above model but...
Read More
Posted by admin on May 1, 2014 in |
Anda leghyam (AL) a herbo-animal Siddha formulation is administered for Gunmam (Acid peptic diseases) by many Siddha physicians popularly. Anti ulcerogenic activity of the AL has been studied using Aspirin-Pylorus ligation induced gastric ulcer methods (four groups/method, n=6, Aspirin 400mg/kg, Omeprazole 10mg/kg, AL 250,500mg/kg) in wistar albino rat models. Animals were sacrificed and their stomachs were subjected to macroscopic and microscopic ulcer index findings. Statistical data were analyzed by one way ANOVA followed by student’s t-test. This study concluded that AL had significant anti-ulcer effects in experimental animals with ulcer induced by aspirin and pylorus ligation; it showed a dose dependent protection against aspirin (400 mg/kg body weight) induced ulcers in rats and it produced a significant reduction of ulcer index in the dose of 500mg/kg bodyweight. AL showed a statistically significant P value < 0.05 and <0.01 at dose level 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg respectively as compared to control. Acute toxicity study was carried out as per OECD guidelines and the LD50 was found to be greater...
Read More
Posted by admin on May 1, 2014 in |
A simple and cost effective spectrophotometric method is described for the determination of Meropenem (MP) in pure and pharmaceutical formulations. The method is based on the formation of dark yellow colored chromogen when the drug reacts with 1, 2 naphtho quinone -4-sulphonic acid sodium salt (NQS) reagent in alkalline medium. The method involves the addition of excess NQS of known concentration in the presence of 1.5 mL NaOH and the unreacted NQS is determined by the measurement of the λmax 449 nm, which was found to be the most suitable of several tests. This method was applied for the determination of drug contents in pharmaceutical formulations and enabled the determination of the drug in microgram quantities (0.5 to 3.0 mL). No interference is observed from excipients and the validity of the method was tested against reference method. The colored species has an absorption maximum at 449 nm for MP (Method A) and obeys beer’s law in the concentration range 0.02 – 0.12 mg/mL of MRP. The apparent molar absorptivity...
Read More
Posted by admin on May 1, 2014 in |
The present study deals with the in vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity in methanolic extracts of in vivo (leaf and stem) and in vitro (callus) plant parts of Cocculus hirsutus. The previous phytochemical analysis of methanolic extract of Cocculus hirsutus has indicated the presence of several physiologically active phytochemicals such as phenols, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, alkaloids etc. Since these compounds are of pharmacological interest, coupled with the use of this plant in traditional medicine, prompted us to check all in vivo and in vitro plant parts of Cocculus hirsutus for in vitro anti-inflammatory activity by HRBC (Human Red Blood Cell) membrane stabilization method and anti-arthritic activity by the inhibition of protein denaturation method. The methanolic extracts of all plant parts exhibited notable anti-inflammatory activity and remarkable anti-arthritic action. The membrane stabilization was found to be maximum in leaves (88.8% at a dose of 1000µg/ml) and that of protein denaturation was also found to be maximum in leaves (65.85% at a dose of 1000µg/ml) as compare to other in vivo...
Read More
