Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2013 in |
Aim of the study:In-vitro study of Anticonvulsant activity on the fruits extracts of Coccinia indica (Wight &Arn.) induced maximal electroshock seizure (MES) model in rats. Materials & methods: For the assessment of anticonvulsant activity, the animals were divided into five groups of five animals each albino rats. Group I received Normal saline, Group II received Phenytoin, Group III received 200 mg/kg of CIEE suspended in Tween 80, Group IV received 400 mg/kg of CIEE suspended in Tween 80, and Group V received 600 mg/kg of CIEE suspended in Tween 80. The results are expressed in mean ± S.E.M. (n=5) Statistical analysis was done by one way ANOVA, followed Dunnett multiple comparison test vs. control. P<0.01 was considered as statistically significant. Results: In the present In vitro study, an anticonvulsant effect of ethanolic extracts of fruits Coccinia indica Wight & Arn. has been determined duration of HLTE 14.96, 3.49, 9.68, 8.20, 4.90 sec. The CIEE exhibited maximum anticonvulsant activity at 4.90 sec. at 600mg/kg (P<0.01) and it was significant when...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2013 in |
Trigonella foenum-graecum is an annual plant in the family Fabaceae. The distinctive cuboid-shaped, yellow to amber coloured fenugreek seeds are frequently encountered in the cuisines of the Indian subcontinent. In this study, Trigonella foenum-graecum is used as an experimental matrix. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of total flavonoids from Trigonella foenum-graecum is studied with dual wavelength UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Effects of various factors including ratio of material to liquid, ultrasonic time, methanol concentration and extraction times on extraction yield of total flavonoids are evaluated. Then, optimization of total flavonoid compound (TFC) extraction from Trigonella foenum-graecum seed is investigated using response surface methodology (RSM) in this paper. Statistical analysis of the experiments indicated that Ratio of material to liquid and methanol concentration significantly affected TFC extraction (p < 0.01). The Box-Behnken experiment design shows that polynomial regression models are in good agreement with the experimental results, with the coefficients of multiple determination of 0.9758 for TFC yield. The optimal conditions for maximum TFC yield are 70% methanol, 50min and 30 (v/w) liquid to solid ratios with a 2...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2013 in |
The compound 2, 6-diamino-3-phenylazopyridine hydrochloride salt is a genito-urinary antiseptic drug under the trade name Pyridinium. This study is directed towards the occurrence of an oxidation reaction to convert the tertiary amine present in 2, 6-diamino-3-phenylazopyridine hydrochloride to form an N-oxide derivative as an impurity in the process for its preparation. This was done by the independent synthesis of 2, 6-diamino-3-phenylazopyridine-1-oxide hydrochloride salt by two independent routes. The presence of three amine functions in the molecule required first to protect the primary amine groups by derivatisation so that oxidation occurs exclusively at the tertiary amino group of the pyridine ring. 2, 6-diamino-3-phenylazopyridine was acetylated to get 2, 6-diacetamido-3-phenylazopyridine whose structure was confirmed from 1H NMR and mass spectral data. The oxidation of diacetyl derivative with peracetic acid resulted not only in the N-oxide formation but also in the cleavage of one of the acetamido group to give 2(6)-acetamido-6(2)amino-3-phenylazopyridine-1-oxide. The alkaline hydrolysis of the N-oxide form gave 2, 6-diamino-3-phenylazopyridine-1-oxide which on treatment with hydrochloric acid gave 2, 6-diamino-3-phenylazopyridine-1-oxide hydrochloride. In...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2013 in |
The present work is regarding formulation, development and evaluation of losartan potassium microspheres using natural polymer. The mucoadhesive microspheres of losartan potassium were successfully developed by W/O emulsion solvent evaporation technique using two different natural polymers katira gum and babul gum. Total 12 batches were formulated. Six formulations were prepared by using each natural polymer i.e. LKM1 to LKM6 using katira gum (KG) and LBM1 to LBM6 using babul Gum (BG). All the formulations were evaluated for micromeritic properties, physical evaluation, which includes particle size analysis, percentage yield, drug content, drug entrapment efficacy, percent moisture loss and swelling index, in vitro dissolution studies, in vitro mucoadhesion, scanning electron microscopy, in vitro mucoadhesion and drug polymer interaction studies. The Optimized batch LKM5 was found to release the drug for 12 h (99.78%) and follows Higuchi Matrix model in dissolution studies, indicating the matrix-forming potential of natural polymer and diffusion controlled release...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2013 in |
Partial purification and bioremediation of waste water by lipase from the marine actinomycete Streptomyces variabilis NGP 3 (Accession no: (JX843530)) were carried out. The optimum incubation period, pH, temperature and agitation speed for enzyme production were fifth day (61.2 U/ml), 9.0 – 9.5 (105 U/ml), 35ºC (39.4 U/ml) and 120 rpm (38.7 U/ml) respectively. Lactose (2.0 g/l) and peptone (0.6 and 0.8 g/l) proved to the best carbon and nitrogen sources respectively for lipase production. The partially purified lipase showed a specific activity of 1440.97 U/mg protein, 7.63 fold pure and yielded 3.19 per cent of protein. The enzyme activity was maximum at the pH and temperatures were 8.5 and 45ºC respectively. The molecular weight of the first and second isoenzymes was found to be 55.0 and 56.0 KDa respectively. Bioremediation of automobile effluent and slaughter house waste water were carried out by the isolated actinomycetes isolate S. variabilis NGP 3. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic chloride (TOC) and fat/oil content of the effluent were analyzed. The...
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