Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2014 in |
The human fungal infections have increased tremendously in our country, especially candidal infections. Cryptococcus neoformans is encapsulated yeast, causes life-threatening infections in immuno-compromised individuals such as AIDS. Meningoencephalitis is the serious consequence of C. neoformans infection. Studies are therefore, required for identification of these fungal agents and search for suitable antifungal therapy. Keeping this in view, Candida spp. and Cryptococcus neoformans strains were characterized. Also, the comparative in vitro antifungal susceptibility to conventional Amphotericin B (AMB-d) and Indian Liposomal Amphotericin B (FungisomeTM) shall be determined. Candida albicans, non-Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans strains originating from clinical cases have been characterized using phenotypic methods and selective virulence traits. The isolates were obtained from National Culture Collection of Pathogenic Fungi, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India. The MIC ranges of conventional Amphotericin B (AMB-d) and Indian Liposomal Amphotericin B, FungisomeTM against all the strains of Candida spp. and Cryptococcus neoformans were also determined. Both the fungal genera could be identified using various phenotypic characteristics and selective virulence factors. The MIC ranges of FungisomeTM ranged...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2014 in |
The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavioural, muscle coordination and anxiolytic activities of methanolic extracts of Sophora interrupta (papilionaceae) in mice. The behavioural, muscle coordination and anxiolytic activities were evaluated by using various models of CNS using mice. Diazepam was used as standard drug for muscle coordination and anxiolytic studies. The extracts were administered orally at 400 mg/kg. The results of the present study indicates that the methanolic extract of Sophora interrupta leaves are effective in inducing a significant protection against behavioural, muscle coordination and anxiolytic activities, as evidenced by various CNS models with respect to control. This study confirmed the behavioural, muscle coordination and anxiolytic activities of this plant as it is used in traditional...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2014 in |
The aim of the study was to develop sustained release matrix tablet of Losartan potassium and to evaluate its efficacy in reducing hypertension. In this experiment, sustained release matrix tablets were prepared by direct compression method and Methocel K4M CR and Methocel K100M CR were used as polymer. The evaluation involves three stages: the micromeritic properties evaluation of powder blend, physical property studies of tablets and in-vitro release kinetics studies. The powder blend was evaluated for angle of repose, loose bulk density, tapped bulk density, Carr’s index, Hausner’s ratio, moisture content and total porosity and the tablets were evaluated for hardness, friability, thickness, drug content and in vitro dissolution parameters. The weight variation was observed to be within the prescribed limits for each formulation. In vitro release studies were carried out using USP apparatus type II at 100 rpm and dissolution medium consisted of 0.1N hydrochloric acid for the first 2 hours and phosphate buffer pH 6.8 from 3 to 24 hours, maintained at 37±0.5°C. Drug release at different...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2014 in |
In the present study maltose a polysaccharide was investigated as a promising carrier for colon specific drug delivery system. It was evaluated for pH change study, by using in-vitro and In-Vivo testing in Wistar rats. In-Vitro study shows that there is drop in the pH from 7.00 to 5.5 when incubated with ceacal content in the controlled condition. The In-Vivo experiment was carried out by administering maltose solution orally to the rats, which were sacrificed after six, seven and eight hours. Ceacal content was collected and pH was measured by using digital pH meter. The pH of ceacal content was not changed after oral administration of maltose which may be due to its absorption in upper G. I. Tract. To investigate maltose and ceacal content interaction and alteration of colon pH, the maltose spheres were prepared by extrusion and spheronization techniques and coated with different polymers to evade upper G. I. T. The developed coated maltose spheres were administered and evaluated for its pH change in same manner as...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2014 in |
Background: Peptic ulcer is one of the common diseases affecting the mankind. Many studies reveal co-occurrence of both peptic ulcer and hypertension in humans. So, it might be beneficial to choose an optimal drug that will target both these conditions. The role of renin-angiotensin system in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer is well known. AT receptor antagonists which prevent binding of AT-II to AT1 receptors, have been thought to be implicated in protection of gastric mucosa against development of ulcers. Objective: To study the antiulcer activity of telmisartan and candesartan in gastric ulcers induced by pylorus ligation method and indomethacin induced ulcer method in albino rats. Material and methods: Antiulcer activity of telmisartan and candesartan was tested against the standard antiulcer drug ranitidine, using two experimental gastric ulcer models; pylorus ligation method and indomethacin induced ulcer method using six albino rats for each drug and each ulcer model. Parameters used for studying the antiulcer activity were free and total acidity of the gastric contents in pylorus ligation method and...
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