Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2013 in |
The onion (Allium cepa L), also known as the bulb onion or common onion, is used as a vegetable and is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium. Allium cepa L belongs to the family Lilliaceae. The onion has a wide range of beneficial actions on the body and when eaten (especially raw) on a regular basis will promote the general health of the body. The parameters selected were preliminary phytochemical screening and sedative hypnotic activity by chimney test. The Allium cepa Linn powder was successively extracted with benzene, chloroform, ethylacetate, ethanol and water for the identification of the best solvent. Preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out for all the extracts and maximum chemical constituents were observed in the ethanolic extract. The sedative and hypnotic activity were tested by using ethanolic extract on mice by using chimney test and found to be effective at a dose of mg/kg when compared to the reference standard. In conclusion it can be said that Allium cepa L possess Sedative and...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2013 in |
Two new potential allelochemicals were isolated from ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of Indigofera trifoliata Linn. Along with three known compounds Tricin (3), Taraxerol (4) and 5-hydroxy-3, 4′, 7-trimethoxyflavone (5). The structures of new allelochemicals were characterized as 6, 3′, 4′-trihydroxy-5, 7, 8-trimethoxyflavanone-4′-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-β-D-galacto pyranoside (1) and 3, 5, 7-trihydroxy-3′,4′-dimethoxyflavone-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-arabinopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamno pyranoside (2) by various color reactions, spectral analysis and chemical degradations. Allelo chemicals can be defined as secondary plant metabolites, produced by plants, algae, bacteria, fungi and viruses that influence the growth and development of agricultural and biological systems (excluding...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2013 in |
Atovaquone is a hydroxynaphthoquinone that has antimicrobial activity and is being used in antimalarial protocols. Its inhibitory effect being comparable to ubiquinone, in sensitive parasites atovaquone can act by selectively affecting mitochondrial electron transport and parallel processes such as ATP and pyrimidine biosynthesis. It exhibits low bioavailability related to its poor water solubility. The present research investigates crystal modification of atovaquone to improve the solubility, dissolution rate as well as some physicochemical properties. The crystals were modified in presence of PEG-4000. The modified crystals were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. The solubility and dissolution rate of modified crystals were compared with untreated atovaquone. The SEM results showed different morphology of modified crystals compare to untreated atovaquone. FT-IR spectra of untreated atovaquone when compared with modified crystals showed no significant change in their characteristic peaks. Also DSC spectra showed change in the melting endotherm of modified crystals and the XRD spectra revealed change in diffraction pattern. The FT-IR, DSC and XRD indicate...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2013 in |
The aim of this study was to compare the antiulcer activity of methanolic extracts of Wattakaka volubilis (Linn.f.) Staf and Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) DC in rats. The anti-ulcer effect was evaluated using Anti secretary model (chemical induced pylorus ligation). Ranitidine were used as standard drugs for ulcer studies. The extracts were administered orally at 500 mg/kg. The result of the present study indicates oral administration of Wattakaka volubilis and Tabebuia rosea produced significant inhibition of the gastric lesions induced by Anti secretary model (Chemical induced pylorus ligation. Comparison was made between two plant extracts and methanolic extract of Wattakaka volubilis than Methanolic extract of Tabebuia rosea. Preliminary phytochemical screenings indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenols, terpenoids, glycosides and sugars in both the extracts. This study confirmed the antiulcer properties of this plant as it is used in traditional...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2013 in |
The objective of the present work was to develop a simple, rapid, accurate RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of Tenofovir disoproxil fumerate (TDF), Efavirenz in bulk and formulation. The chromatographic separation was achieved by isocratic mode of elution by using Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB C18 (150 x 4.6mm, particle size 5µm) analytical column. The mobile phase consisting of Acetonitrile and phosphate buffer (0.03M KH2PO4, pH 2.5) the ratio of 70:30v/v with 0.6 ml/min flow rate and the eluents are monitored at 255nm.The retention times were 2.44min for TDF and 5.52 min for Efavirenz. The detector response was linear for TDF between 3-18µg/ml with R2 =0.9987 and 6-36µg/ml for Efavirenz with R2=0.9982 respectively. The % relative standard deviation (%R.S.D) values were found to be <2. The method was validated by determining accuracy, precision and linearity range. The results of the proposed RP-HPLC method is precise, rapid and accurate which is useful for quantitative determination and routine analysis of Tenofovir disoproxil fumerate and Efavirenz in bulk and in...
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