Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds were extracted in 80% methanol to examine the content of various potent antioxidant compounds and their influence on in-vitro oxidation of biomolecules i.e. amount. proteins, lipids and DNA. Fenugreek extract had polyphenols (9.47±0.10 mg GAE/g dry seeds) as major antioxidant principle. Gallic acid (170.335µg), caffeic acid (164.550 µg), ellagic acid (184.879 µg) and quercetin (215.814 µg)/g dry weight fenugreek seeds were identified in methanolic extract by HPLC analysis. Other antioxidant compounds ascorbate, tocopherol and riboflavin were present in very low amounts. Antioxidant properties were assayed using DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Fenugreek extract inhibited the metal induced oxidation of proteins and lipids. Presence of the extract could protect DNA against H2O2 -induced oxidative stress. IC50 value of fenugreek seeds was estimated by these mechanisms. The results of this study indicate that polyphenol rich methanolic extract of fenugreek had efficient free radical scavenging, reducing and metal chelating activity to protect biomolecules like proteins, lipids and DNA against oxidative...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
Two simple, accurate, novel, safe and precise methods developed for the simultaneous estimation of poorly water-soluble drugs Levofloxacin and Ornidazole in tablet dosage form using 2M sodium acetate and 8M urea solution (50:50% W/W) as mixed hydrotropic solution. Sodium acetate and urea solution did not show any absorbance above 240 nm and thus no interference in the estimation of drugs were seen. LEVO and OZ follows the Beer’s law in the concentration range of 5-25 µg/ml (r2= 0.9997 and 0.9998). Method-A simultaneous equation method employs 287 and 320 nm as two analytical wavelengths, method-B is absorption ratio method, which uses 301 and 320 nm as two analytical wavelengths were used for estimation of LEVO and OZ. The mean percent label claims of tablet dosage were found to be 98.528±0.431 and 97.916±0.732 in method A, 97.586±0.821 and 98.642±0.293 in method B for LEVO and OZ respectively. The standard deviation, coefficient of variance and standard error were obtained for LEVO and OZ was satisfactorily low. The developed methods were validated according...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
Floating matrix tablets of Metformin hydrochloride were developed and evaluated to increase bioavailability by increasing gastric residence time and sustained release of drug in the upper part of gastrointestinal tract thereby diminishing side effects and enhanced patient compliance. The tablets were formulated by using central composite design having two independent variables at three levels. Independent variables were total amount of hydrophilic gel forming polymers (Hydroxyl Propyl Methyl Cellulose K15M and Carbopol 934P) X1 and polymer-polymer ratio X2. The prepared formulations were evaluated for various physicochemical, buoyant and in-vitro drug release characteristics. All formulations possessed good floating properties with total floating time more than 12 hours. Statistical Optimization carried out for various responses like ‘n’ of Peppas equation, ‘K’ of zero order and ‘n’ of higuchi equation and T80%. Optimized formulation was found to float for longer duration and provided more sustained release of the drug. Release kinetics of optimized formulation followed Higuchi model with anomalous non -fickian diffusion. Hence Optimized floating matrix tablet could be a promising delivery system...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
QSAR studies on N3, N5-diphenyl-1, 4-dihydropyridine-3, 5-dicarbohydrazides [2A-2D’] and 2, 6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-pyridine-3, 5-yl-bis[carbonyl-2-(phenyl)]pyrazolidine-3, 5-diones] [3A -3D’] were carried out. 3D chemical structures were given as input and desired molecular attributes and molecular indices were selected. Various molecular descriptors were studied using TSAR (Tools for Structure Activity Relationship) Accelrys Discovery studio software. All the properties were calculated based on the chemical structure. Hansch equations were developed for all the above mentioned compounds against respective microorganisms and for anti-inflammatory activities, using some of the calculated descriptors. A correlation matrix was developed, which gives the inter correlation between the calculated...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
Tinospora cordifolia (Giloe/Guduchi) belonging to the family menispermaceae, is a large extensively spreading glabrous, perennial deciduous twiner with succulent stems and papery bark. It is widely used in Ayurvedic system of medicine “Rasayanas” to the immune system and the body resistance against infections. In modern medicine, T. cordifolia is used for the treatment of general weakness, fever, dyspepsia, dysentery, gonorrhoea, urinary diseases, viral hepatitis and anaemia. The stems of different thickness (diameter) are being used by the pharmaceutical industries for preparation of various herbal formulations without having information about concentration of phytoconstituents. The present study was carried out with the objective to study the variation in phytoconstituents among T. cordifoila stems of varied thickness. T. cordifolia stem of varied diameter, collected from Seoni, Jabalpur and Chhindwara of Madhya Pradesh were analyzed for their phytoconstituents. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenols, flavanoids, alkaloids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, steroids, carbohydrate and proteins. Quantitative analysis revealed that all the phytoconstituents increased with the increase in diameter of the stem except alkaloid content....
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