Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2013 in |
In different parts of India, Bombax malabaricum (Family: Bombacaceae), is well known for its traditional use in inflammation, prolapse of uterus or vagina, menorrhoea, diarrhoea, wound etc. Literature survey showed that the leaves of Bombax malabaricum have anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic and antioxidant activities. Although the plant has much potentiality, proper pharmacognostical standardization of the parts of the plant was still deficient. The aim of the present research work was to carry out a systematic pharmacognostical and phytochemical evaluation of Bombax malabaricum leaves. After collection, the leaves were authenticated and evaluated pharmacognostically to establish its macroscopical and microscopical characters and also that of the powdered leaves. In the microscopical features of Bombax malabaricum leaves, full of mucilage containing cells and numerous calcium oxalate crystal containing mesophyll tissues were seen. In the powder microscopy, stone cell, reticulate type xylem vessels, multicellular covering trichome and glandular trichome were seen. In preliminary phytochemical screening, the methanol extract of the leaves showed the presence of steroids, carbohydrates, tannins, triterpenoids, deoxysugar, flavonoids and coumarin glycosides....
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2013 in |
Background: Skin wound infected by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a common and painful lesion. Tetracycline is commonly used as the antibiotic of choice for its treatment. Aim: to determine the effectiveness of hen egg white lysozyme and dextran conjugated lysozyme in decreasing the bacterial count of experimentally induced skin wound infection in mice. Methods; Lysozyme was conjugated with dextran under mild Maillard reaction conditions. Lysozyme and conjugated lysozyme were tested in vitro for their effectiveness against S. aureus and E. coli. Mouse model of skin wound infection was prepared in 6 group of mices (n=5) by 1cm × 1cm paravertebral laceration, extending to fascia created by scalpel. Five minutes after wounding, 10 µl culture media suspension containing 106 CFU⁄cm2 S. aureus was inoculated. Lysozyme and dextran conjugated lysozyme were applied as a 400µg/ml eucerin ointment base in treatment groups. Tetracycline was applied topically in the third group of mice. Results: Both Lysozyme and conjugated lysozyme exhibited in vitro antibacterial effect against S. aureus at 400µg/ml, but only the...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2013 in |
The aim of the present study was to formulate lornoxicam into rectal suppositories as a new dosage form, to avoid its reported gastric irritation and to provide a rapid onset of action for children. Suppositories were prepared using fatty bases namely; witepsol H-15, suppocire AML, CM, witepsol E-75 and water soluble bases; mixtures of poly(ethylene glycol), PEGs, with different molecular weights. The prepared suppositories were investigated for their weight variation, drug content, melting point, fracture point, disintegration time and in-vitro release pattern. Moreover, aging study was performed both at room temperature and in refrigerator for 6 month. In-vivo study was also carried out in rabbits and the pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated. The prepared suppositories complied with the USP 34 pharmacopoeial requirements and PEGs-based suppositories released significantly higher amounts of lornoxicam compared with fatty bases (p<0.05, ANOVA/Dunnett). Furthermore, lornixocam in selected formulations was found to be stable in both fatty and PEGs bases after the aging study. Formulation No. 5 showed a higher Cmax of 1.832±0.35 µg/ml, short tmax of...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2013 in |
The crude methanol extracts of aerial parts ofAbrus precatorius L., leaf of Magnolia pterocarpa Roxb. and Dracaena spicata Roxb. and leaf and bark ofRavenala madagascariensis Sonn. as well as their hexane, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and aqueous soluble partitionates were subjected to screenings for thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing activities. Among the extractives of A. precatorius, the crude methanol extract exhibited the highest thrombolytic activity (34.92±0.54 %) while the carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction of M. pterocarpa exhibited 22.59±0.88 % clot lysis. D. spicata extractives showed mild thrombolytic activity. The methanolic crude extract of R. madagascariensis leaf and the aqueous soluble fraction of R. madagascariensis bark extract showed 45.32±0.82 % and 32.67±0.74% clot lysis, respectively. In hypotonic solution and heat induced conditions, the crude methanol extract of A. precatoriusand the hexane soluble fraction of crude methanol extract of M. pterocarpa inhibited 63.46±0.84 % & 36.54±0.21 % and 66.12±0.66 % & 40.54±0.02 % haemolysis of RBCs, respectively as compared to 71.90 % and 42.12 % inhibition by acetyl salicylic acid (0.10 mg/ml), respectively....
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2013 in |
Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate lead toxicity on the male reproductive system during developing period of neonates. Methods: Histopathological alterations were observed in testis of neonates on PND 1 and PND 21. Lead acetate was administered via oral gavaging at 320 mg/kg BW to pregnant Swiss mice from 10th day of gestation upto 21st day of lactation. OralExposure of 160 mg/kg BW vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and 130 mg/kg BW vitamin E (tocopherol acetate) was given from 10th day of gestation upto 21st day of lactation. Result: Oral supplementation of antioxidants vitamin C and E with lead slightly recovered these adverse effects and retained normal function but independently they also induced obstruction in development of testis. Conclusion: We can conclude from our findings that lead acetate administrated during gestation and lactation adversely affects developing testis. Supplementation of high doses of vitamins during gestation and lactation are not beneficial because they also generate some alterations in developing...
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