Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2013 in |
Transdermal drug delivery is highly advantageous method for drug administration, yet the compact structure of stratum corneum is an effective barrier which limited the use of this route to very few drug molecules. Ultrasound enhances the permeation through the skin by altering this barrier function in a phenomenon named sonophoresis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of variable ultrasonic conditions on the permeation of Metronidazole (ML). This involved validating the applicability of utilizing a three dimensional skin equivalent as human skin models for sonophoresis studies. A Franz diffusion cell was used to study the effect of therapeutic ultrasound at 1 MHz and power ultrasound at 20 KHz on the permeation of Metronidazole across the 3D skin equivalent EpiDerm™. HPLC methods were used for the determination of the concentration of Metronidazole in the receiving compartment. Utilizing therapeutic ultrasound at 1 MHz frequency has enhanced the permeation of Metronidazole through the EpiDerm™, as about double the permeation of the ML was obtained with no apparent damage to the membrane. The...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2012 in |
Poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid) the first synthetic biodegradable polymer used in surgery as resorbabe material, is also approved by USFDA for use in drug delivery. The nanoparticle composed of PLGA can be used for both controlled and targeted drug delivery. There are various grades of PLGA which are having different biodegradation characteristics such as degradation takes place in several days to years. Thus one can develop a nanoparticulate delivery system with desired characteristics like Biodegradation, Biocompatibility, Particle size, Surface property, Drug release, Targetability and Immunogenicity. This review focus on the PLGA, its characteristics, Method of preparation of nanoparticles for lipophillic and hydrophilic drugs and the use of nanoparticles via different routes to target various disease...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2012 in |
The study of undertaken for heavy metal Pb accumulation by fly ash and coal waste in Singrauli industrialised district of India, using atomic absorption spectrometry. Ashes from collected vegetables and plants leaves samples were analysed for the quality and quantity of Cr, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cu, As, Ni and Co and detectable levels of all were found. Pb distrusted the metabolic processes of living organisms due to variable accumulation in plants and vegetable which affected the human populations through food chain. Presence of Pb and other heavy metals in environment has become a major threat to plant and common vegetable due to their bioaccumulation tendency and toxicity. In present investigation 6 plants leaves Syzygium Cumini, Dalbergia Sissoo, Dandrocalamus Strictus, Magnifera Indica, Tectona Grandis and Azadiracta Indica and 6 common leafy vegetables Spinacia Olaracia, Solanum Tuberosam, Raphanus Sativus, Brasica Comprestis, Trogonella Fonium and Momordica charantia were studies for monitoring or observation of current status of Pb in these plant and common vegetable species growing around the industries of Singrauli district....
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2012 in |
Water soluble polymers such as Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC), Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP), Carboxy Methyl Cellulose – Sodium (CMC – Na), and Methyl Cellulose as well as in combination of varying proportions are used in this study for the protective coating of Microcrystalline Hydroxy Apatite Complex (MCHC). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of aqueous film coating on MCHC tablets evaluated by comparison with plain MCHC tablets and non-aqueous coated tablets. The parameters evaluated were the film smoothness, shininess, coating uniformity, percentage weight increase, hardness, disintegration time, dissolution study, moisture adsorption, stability and toxicity. An aqueous film coating solution in different combinations was applied on the tablets using a laboratory coating pan at 60oC, in the atmospheric pressure. By using the same method non aqueous film coating solution was applied on the MCHC tablets and the tablet bed temperature maintained at 40oC. The study has shown that HPMC and PVP combination in the proportion of 5% and 1% as coating material gave promising results...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2012 in |
n-octacosanol is an normolipidemic aliphatic primary alcohol obtained from the plant Tinospora cordifolia Miers. In the present study, the plant stems were collected from five accessions namely Anniyalam, Chennai, Hassan, Vishakhapatnam and Bangalore between June and August. Later a simple HPTLC method has been established for determination of n-octacosanol in methanolic extracts of all these geographical sources using Toluene: Ethyl acetate: Formic acid (4.5:4.5:1 v/v) as mobile phase. Detection and quantification were performed by densitometric scanning at λ = 555 nm. The results of HPTLC estimation showed variation in n-octacosanol content in all the accessions. The extract from Anniyalam accession showed significantly higher amount of n-octacosanol (6.54%) and that of Vishakhapatnam showed the least (2.28%). Thus, the present work is helpful in selecting genotype of Tinospora cordifolia yielding highest percentage of...
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