Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2012 in |
Aim of the study: The present study was designed to investigate the analgesic and antidiarrhoeal activities of the ethanolic extract from the bark of Manilkara zapota (Linn.). Material and methods: The analgesic activity was evaluated in acetic acid induced writhing model and the antidiarrhoeal activity was evaluated in castor oil induced diarrhoea model in white albino mice (Swiss-webstar strain). Resuts: Phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract of the bark of M. zapota indicates the presence of reducing sugar, tannins, steroid, saponins & gum of compounds. The ethanolic extract of M. zapota has effect on acetic acid induced writhing in mice. At the dose of 250 mg/kg & 500 mg/kg of body weight, the extract produced 38.55% & 56.42 %writhing inhibition in test animals respectively. The results are statistically significant (P <0.001) and is comparable to the standard drug Diclofenac Na, which showed 72.07% at a dose of 25 mg/kg weight. The extract has also effect on castor oil induced diarrheal method in mice. The result show that extract inhibited...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2012 in |
This paper describes the utilization of pteridophytes for the treatment of various gynecological and other related problems by the indigenous women of Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve in Madhya Pradesh. The present study reveals that 23 species of pteridophytes belonging to 15 families and 18 genera are traditionally used by tribal women of Korku, Gond, Bharia, Bhil, Mauria, Maria, Paria, Bhatara and Baigas communities in gynecological problems which contribute about 18.66% of total pteridophytic diversity (134 species) of the...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2012 in |
Comparative and synergistic antioxidant properties of Carica papaya leaf (CPL) and Azadarichta indica leaf (AIL), which are popularly used as medicinal plants were evaluated by analyzing the individual leaves and their 1:1 (mass/mass) homogenous combination (CPL+AIL) concurrently. The antioxidant properties measured were the levels of total phenol, tannin, total flavonoid, total carotenoid, vitamin C, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging ability, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Of the two plants, AIL had significantly higher (P < 0.05) total phenol and tannin contents, as well as significantly higher (P < 0.05) DPPH scavenging ability, TEAC and FRAP, while CPL had significantly higher (P < 0.05) total flavonoid, total carotenoid and vitamin C contents. The combination (CPL+AIL) showed a synergy in the total phenol, tannin, total flavonoid, and total carotenoid contents, and in the DPPH free radical scavenging ability. The DPPH scavenging ability of the leaves increased in a dose-dependent manner, having IC50 in the order of APL< CPL+AIL< CPL [APL (0.50 mg/ml), CPL+AIL (0.61 mg/ml), CPL...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2012 in |
Oral gastroretentative dosage forms offer many advantages for drugs having absorption from upper gastrointestinal tract and improve the bioavailability of medication that is characterized by narrow absorption window. The purpose of present study was to formulate and develop a new gastroretentative controlled release diffusion of furosemide from the cellulose acetate floating microspheres. Furosemide is a widely used high-ceiling loop diuretic drug with low bioavailability (60-70 %) and shorter half-life (1-2 hrs). The microspheres were prepared by using o/w emulsion solvent evaporation method. The formulated floating microspheres were characterized for their micromeritic properties, surface morphology by SEM, in-vitro buoyancy studies, percentage drug entrapment efficiency and in-vitro drug release studies. Optimization studies were carried out by taking organic phase volume and drug: polymer ratio as independent variables and percentage drug entrapment efficiency and time percentage yield and size as responses using 3-level factorial design. The prepared microsphere formulations having percentage drug entrapment of 78.4%, and buoyancy of 89.42% with floating time up to 12...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2012 in |
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway has emerged as a key target in non-small-cell lung cancer. EGFR inhibition in non-small-cell lung cancer is achieved via small molecular tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as erlotinib or Iressa (gefitinib), or monoclonal antibodies such as cetuximab. The EGFR is under investigation as a therapeutic target for cancers. Lung cancer cell lines are variably dependent on autocrine stimulation of EGFR since it has a role in signal transduction. We therefore examined the effects of a selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor Iressa 1 which is a synthetic molecule synthesized from a standard Iressa molecule. These compounds after docking with EGFR protein were found to possess good energy score and also highly inhibited the protein molecule indicating that this molecule showed anticancer activity on EGFR. The results of the pharmacokinetic study as well as the investigations pertaining to the ADME properties of Iressa 1 by using ADME tool of TOPKAT (DS 2.5) had shown that Iressa 1 was nontoxic effect to female mouse and female...
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