Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2012 in |
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and dyslipidemia. Hemidesmus indicus is employed as an indigenous medicine for a variety of ailments from earlier days. The present study was aimed to evaluate the role of Hemidesmus indicus in alloxan-induced experimental diabetic rats. The effect of oral administration of Hemidesmus indicus root extract (400 mg/kg b.w.) on glucose tolerance, the levels of blood glucose, hemoglobin, glycosylated hemoglobin, plasma insulin, protein, lipid peroxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, lipid profile, muscle glycogen content were determined in control and experimental groups of rats. The altered levels of blood glucose, hemoglobin, glycosylated hemoglobin, plasma insulin, and protein in the diabetic rats were significantly reverted back to near basal values by the administration of ethanol extract of Hemidesmus indicus root to diabetic rats for 30 days. The levels of lipid peroxides in the plasma and pancreatic tissues of diabetic rats were elevated significantly and were normalized by the administration of Hemidesmus indicus root extract. The activities of pancreatic enzymic antioxidants...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2012 in |
Turnera ulmifolia Linn. belonging to family Turneraceae was investigated to evaluate in-vitro antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of the leaves against gram negative bacteria such as Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. The pathogens were tested by disc diffusion assay method and minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated. An attempt has been made to compare the activity of extract with standard ciprofloxin. The pathogens were used in the study was showed potential activity of the ethanolic extract of the plant. Maximum activity was seen in case of Pseudomonas fluorescens where the zone diameter was 32 mm...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2012 in |
The objective of the present investigation was to study the effect of critical formulation parameters affecting release of isoxsuprine hydrochloride from matrix tablets using combination of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and dicalcium phosphate (DCP). The powder blend consisting of drug and excipients was analyzed for angle of repose, Carr’s index and Hausner’s ratio. The tablets were prepared by direct compression method. To assess the compressional behavior of the drug-excipient blend, the tablets were analyzed for friability and crushing strength. The in vitro drug release study was carried out in distilled water. The powder blend exhibited satisfactorily flow as measured by angle of repose, Carr’s index and Hausner’s ratio. The formulation ingredients showed satisfactory tableting properties (friability <1%, crushing strength ≥ 4 kgf). The drug release was modified on addition of PEO and DCP. Addition of 5 to 25% DCP in the formulation of matrix tablets caused apparent difference in the drug dissolution in distilled water. However, the difference was insignificant as analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and similarity factor...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2012 in |
In order to explore the antihistaminic and anthelmintic activity associated with piperazine framework, several 1-benzhydryl piperazine derivatives and 1- benzhydryl piperazine acyl derivatives were synthesized. Their chemical structure was characterized and confirmed by H1 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR). The target compounds were synthesized by the nucleophilic substitution reaction of 1-benzhydryl piperazine with various acyl chlorides. The intermediate (AT-1) was prepared by reaction of benzhydryl chloride and piperazine in presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate in N-N dimethylformamide. Further 1-benzhydrylpiperazine was reacted with various acyl chloride in presence of triethylamine in dichloromethane afforded target compounds (AT5 -9). The anthelmintic activity of compounds were evaluated by Garg and Atal method while antihistaminic activity was evaluated by in- vitro guinea pig...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2012 in |
Various approaches have been used to retain the dosage form in the stomach as a way of increasing the gastric residence time (GRT), including floatation systems; high-density systems; mucoadhesive systems; magnetic systems; unfoldable, extendible, or swellable systems; and superporous hydrogel systems. The aim of this study was to prepare and evaluate floating microspheres of Pioglitazone hydrochloride for the prolongation of gastric residence time. The microspheres were prepared by emulsion solvent diffusion-evaporation method using Eudragit S-100. A full factorial design was applied to optimize the formulation. Preliminary studies revealed that the concentration of polymer and stirring speed significantly affected the characteristics of floating microspheres. The optimum batch of microspheres exhibited some rough surfaces with good flow and packing properties, prolonged sustained drug release, remained buoyant for more than 10 hrs, high entrapment efficiency upto 89%w/w. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the hollow structure with particle size in the order of 270 µm. The studies revealed that decrease in particle size of the microspheres increase the drug release from the floating microspheres....
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