Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2011 in |
In the present study a series of chalcone- semicarbazones was synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial activity by paper disk diffusion method. Based on the results of an antibacterial study, compound 28 was the most active compound against gram negative bacteria. Synthesized compounds were inactive against gram positive bacteria. It was found that chloro- substitution in the aldehydic moiety and amino substitution in acetophenic moiety of chalcone exhibited better antibacterial activity against gram negative bacteria but lengthening of carbon chain does not favor antimicrobial...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2011 in |
Three rapid, simple, precise and sensitive visible spectrophotometric methods (A-C) have been developed for the determination of pipazethate hydrochloride (PZ-HCl) and Chlorphenoxamine hydrochloride (CPA-HCl) in pure and Tablet Dosage Forms. Both methods (A-C) involves the formation of intense yellow ion-association complex between drug(s) and either of picric acid (PA) or phenol red (PR) or chlorophenol red (CPR) reagents followed by extraction with methylene chloride. The ion-associates exhibit absorption maxima at 359, 393 and 405 nm for PZ-HCl and at 357, 388 and 400 nm for CPA-HCl with PA, PR and CPR, respectively. The calibration curves resulting from the measurements of absorbance–concentration relations (at the optimum reaction conditions) of the extracted ion-association complexes are linear over the concentration range 3.05-43.60, 8.72-104.64 and 3.27-49.05 μg/mL for PZ-HCl and 3.40-47.64, 8.51-88.48 and 3.40-40.84 μg/mL for CPA-HCl with PA, PR and CPR, respectively. The molar absorptivities and Sandell’s sensitivities of the reaction products were calculated. In methods (A-C) the slope, intercept, correlation coefficient, relative standard deviation (RSD), detection and quantitation limits were also...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2011 in |
Anti-ulcer properties of the alkaloids isolated from the fruit of Cucumis metuliferous was investigated in mice. Ethanol-induced gastric lesion was used to assess the anti-ulcer activity. In this study, there was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in haemorrhages and ulcerations of the gastric mucosa at 500 and 1000 mg/kg of the alkaloid compared with control. The activity of the extract is comparable to that of the standard control group administered ranitidine (1 mg/kg). The alkaloids of C. metuliferus showed a demonstrable potential as an anti-ulcer agent that could be used for the treatment of peptic ulcer...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2011 in |
The present study was conducted to assess the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and cytotoxic properties of 50% ethanol extract of the stem bark of Terminalia arjuna plant on laboratory animal. In vitro cytotoxicity test was studied by Brine Shrimp Lethality Bioassay and results illustrated significant (p<0.05) cytotoxicity against A. salina, that were expressed as LC50. Terminalia arjuna ethanol extract showed brine shrimp cytotoxicity with lethal concentration 50 (LC50) value of 50.11μg/ml. Carrageenan-induced paw edema method was done to study the anti-inflammatory effect and it was found that T. arjuna can be effective in acute inflammatory disorders and in that case it showed significant result (p<0.001) with both of the 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg dose level. The extract was also used to evaluate the centrally acting analgesic potential using formalin, hot plate and peripheral pharmacological actions using acetic acid induced writhing test in mice. The extract of the plant were found to have significant (p<0.01; p<0.001) analgesic activity at the oral dose of 250 & 500mg/kg body weight, in the tested models. In...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2011 in |
The powdered leaf of Vernonia galamensis (Asteraceae) is a herbal drug used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in folk medicine in northern Nigeria. The crude aqueous extract of the leaves is deliquescent and usually stored in airtight desiccators. Efforts to use common diluents such as lactose, starch, and magnesium carbonate for tablet formulation of the extract produced tablets with defects such as “sticking” and “picking”. The purpose of this study was to use the Heckel and Kawakita equations to investigate the compressibility of the granules of the deliquescent crude extract of Vernonia galamensis prepared using gelatin a universally accepted pharmaceutical binder and selected efflorescent pharmaceutical diluents namely; Aerosil® 200, Avicel® PH 103 and calcium phosphate. The Kawakita model provided an excellent fit having higher R2 values than the Heckel model. The very low PK values of the Kawakita (indicating good fluidity) for all the different formulations made it preferable in explaining the compressibility of granules of the extract. The ranking for good compressibility based on the diluent type...
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