Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2011 in |
Pharmacognostic standardization of the Varuna Kwatha Churna an ayurvedic formulation formulated from various medicinal plants as bark of varuna, pashanbheda rhizome, fruit of gokshura and rhizome of sunthi which is used to treat urolithiasis. The varuna kwatha churna manufactured by the formula in the ratio as specified in the ayurvedic formulary of India given in specified quantities as cited in the Cakradatta, it has been coarsely powdered and passed through sieve, weighed, was carried out to determine its macro- and microscopical characters and also some of its quantitative standards. Various standardization parameters such as physicochemical standards, chemo profiles as preliminary analysis, TLC fingerprint profiles and safety evaluation as microbial contamination, heavy metal determination were also evaluated with the market formulations. These findings will be useful towards establishing pharmacognostic standards on identification, purity, quality and classification of the plant, which is gaining relevance in plant drug research....
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2011 in |
In silico differential genomics helps to identify genes that encode for unique metabolism with relation to human. The genomic database provides a vast amount of useful information for the drug target identification. The subtractive dataset obtained comparatively between the human and the pathogen genome, differentially provides information about the genes that are likely to be essential to the pathogen but is not part of the host (human).This approach has given fruitful results in recent times to identify essential genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The same strategy is used to analyse the whole genome sequence of the Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum str. Nichols. Three putative membrane-bound drug targets have been derived step-wise, out of the 301 essential genes that have been predicted. The putative drug targets include the drug targets taking part in unique metabolic pathways that are situated in the membrane and are specific to the pathogen. Structure prediction of the membrane bound drug targets is done along with B-cell epitope mapping that highlights the immunogenic part of a protein....
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2011 in |
Numerous herbal agents have been claimed to having antipyretic property. One up-coming botanical fruit of Morinda citrifolia, whose Polynesian name is Noni, is unique in view of the large number of medical indications that characterize claims for its efficacy. Researchers at an independent research facility found that Noni was a selective inhibitor of COX-2 enzyme. The analgesic efficacy of the Noni extract is 75 % as strong as morphine. Thus the present study was planned to study the antipyretic activity of aqueous & alcoholic extracts of Noni on yeast induced pyrexia, a model for experimentally induced pyrexia in albino rats. The alcoholic extract of Noni has been found to produce more significant antipyretic activity after 2nd, 3rd and 4th hours of...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2011 in |
New drugs are a great need for clinical conditions but unfortunately development costs are rising and number of drugs receiving marketing approval has fallen. Microdosing is a new experimental approach that offers a faster and potentially less expensive approach for obtaining human in vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) data in early stages of drug development. The concept of microdosing involves the use of extremely low non-pharmacologically active doses of drug candidates to define their PK profile in human subjects, using highly sensitive analytical techniques such as Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), Positron emission tomography (PET) and Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). In this review we have discussed various aspects of microdosing such as regulatory requirements, methodology, validation, experimental proofs and future aspects. In conclusion, progress on three fronts, namely analytical, regulatory and understanding the role of PK in drug development has bought pharmaceutical industry to a position where microdosing can be considered as a possible first step in clinical investigations and eventually all first in human studies will commence with a phase...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2011 in |
High energy-intake is a major factor revolved in type 2 diabetes. The objectives of this study is to set up a suitable animal model, which is similar to the human type 2 diabetes, 6 – 8 weeks old Sprague Dawley rats weighing 220 – 250 gm were consumed high fat diet (HFD) of 20% fat, 46% carbohydrate and 20% protein (w/w). Two weeks later the animals were given with intraperitonial injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (35mg/kg body weight). The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of repeated oral administration of the ethanolic extract of rhizomes of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell at a dose of (250 and 500 mg/kg) on fasting blood glucose levels and lipid metabolism in streptozotocin induced type II diabetic rats. After 21 days of repeated oral administration of 500mg of EEPS extract produced a significant decrease on fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL levels (p<0.05)(p0.01) in high fat-STZ induced type II diabetic rats, on the other hand there was significant increase in HDL levels...
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