Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2011 in |
The pharmacodynamic effect of ceftriaxone on smooth muscles was investigated in isolated organs. Maximum stimulation of isolated guinea pig’s ileum, rabbit’s duodenum and rat’s fundic strip was achieved by addition of 1024 µg of ceftriaxone/ml bath. While in isolated rat’s colon, it was achieved by 512 µg of ceftriaxone/ml bath. The effect of graded increased concentrations of ceftriaxone on isolated tracheal muscles and rat’s uterine muscles was examined during estrus, non estrus, early pregnant and late pregnant stages. Trials were performed to locate the site of action of ceftriaxone on isolated smooth muscles. It was concluded that, ceftriaxone directly stimulates the smooth muscles of intestines; ceftriaxone in concentration of 1024 µg/ml bath has a serotonin like effect on rat’s fundic strip and had a direct myometrial depressant effect. Ceftriaxone in all tested concentrations did not induce any effects on the resting tonus of isolated guinea pig’s tracheal...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2011 in |
Zidovudine is the first approved compound for the treatment of HIV; however the main limitation to therapeutic effectiveness of Zidovudine is its dose dependent toxicity, short biological half-life and poor bioavailability. Thus, to overcome the problem the gastroretentive floating drug delivery system is developed. Floating drug delivery system is a low density system which have capacity to remain buoyant on gastric fluid in the stomach without affecting gastric emptying rate for prolonged period of time. The objective of present investigation was to developed hollow microsphere drug delivery system of Zidovudine using Eudragit S100 as polymer by novel O/W emulsification solvent diffusion technique. The hollow microspheres was evaluated for in-vitro buoyancy, micromeritic properties, particle size, percentage yield, entrapment efficiency, drug-polymer compatibility, scanning electron microscopy and in-vitro drug release. The prepared hollow microspheres were floated more than 12hrs on 0.1N HCl. The percentage yield and entrapment efficiency were found to be in range of 86.66% to 52.22% and 86.60% to 72.9%, respectively. The hollow microspheres were found to be regular in...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2011 in |
Helminthes infections are the most common health problems in India, in developing countries they pose a large treat to public. These infections can affect most population in endemic areas with major economic and social consequences. The miswak is a natural toothbrush made from the twigs of the Salvadora persica (Salvadoraceae). Miswak prevents tooth decay, eliminating toothaches and halt further increase in decay. The present study was undertaken to evaluate antihelmintic activity of aqueous and alcoholic root extract of S. persica against Indian earthworms Pheretima posthuma. Various concentrations (10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/ml) of aqueous and alcoholic root extract of S. persica were tested, which involved determination of time of paralysis and time of death of the worms. It was compared with Piperazine citrate (10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/ml) as standard reference and normal saline as control. The study indicated the potential usefulness of aqueous and alcoholic extract of S. persica against...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2011 in |
Amaranthus tricolor Linn. belonging to the family Amaranthaceae is well known for curing a variety of ailments such as cough, throat infections, toothache, eczema, piles, diarrhea, gonorrhea, leucorrhoea and impotence. The present study deals with the pharmacognostic evaluation including examinations of morphological and microscopic characters, ash values, powder analysis, extractive values, moisture content and fluorescence analysis. Preliminary phytochemical screening was also carried out. Transverse section of the root showed the presence of cork cells, cortex, fibers, xylem and phloem. Total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, ethanol soluble extractive and water soluble extractive were 12.8%, 6.89%, 5.0%, 7.6% and 20.0% w/w respectively. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, proteins and amino acids. The study contributes to the development of standardization parameters of the plant which helps in the botanical identification of Amaranthus tricolor...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2011 in |
Based on the principle of base catalyzed condensation reaction of 1, 2-diamines with carbonyl compounds, an efficient method for the synthesis of fused 1, 4-diazepines was developed. High yields were obtained for both electron-releasing as well as electron-withdrawing substituted 1, 4-diazepine derivatives by the mentioned...
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