Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2011 in |
Xylanase enzyme, one example of secondary metabolites generated by the endophytic microbes was an enzyme which degrades Xylan. The current research study was focused on isolation of endophytic fungi from Dipterocarpus grandiflorus Blanco that produced xylanase enzyme and evaluation of this enzyme activity. Isolation of endophytic fungi from Twigs of D. grandiflorus Blanco were performed via direct seeding inoculation technique utilizing Corn Meal Malt (CMM) medium, followed by purification of these isolates in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media and macroscopic observations to characterize these isolates. The presence of xylanase enzyme was determined using Dinitro Salicylic Acid (DNS) method. Over 12 days our study results yield a total of eight (8) endophytic fungi isolates with six xylanase enzyme producing isolates (Dg II,3 a2, Dg II,3 a3, Dg II,3 b1, Dg II,3 c1, Dg II,3 e1, Dg II,3 f1). Highest extracellular xylanase activity was found in Dg II, 3fl (4.036 U/mL) while the lowest one was 0.426U/mL in isolate Dg II,...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2011 in |
Extractive visible spectrophotometric method is described for the analysis of chloroquine in it pure forms, pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological materials. Linearity, precision, stability and accuracy were evaluated according to the recommended validation procedure. In the described method a drug complex was formed with cobalt thiocyanate reagent, buffered and extracted into nitrobenzene and absorbance determined at 625nm wavelength. Good linearity was obtained between 2µg/ml and 60µg/ml. The coefficient of variation of 5 determinations of a single sample of 2µg/ml was 1.2% and that of 0.02µg/ml was 20.3%. The mean coefficient of variation over the whole range of standard samples was 10.5+3.3% (s.d.). An assay of acceptable accuracy can be accepted down to a concentration of 0.02µg/ml. The intra- day and inter- day precision values were less than 2% for all samples analysed. The accuracy, as seen in or estimated from the percent recovery studies, was between 96 and 99% with an average of 97.75% in biological materials, common excipients and sampled tablets. Non- aqueous titration was employed as a...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2011 in |
The purpose of this study was to improve the solubility of poorly soluble Carbamazepine by using solid dispersion technique utilizing common pharmaceutical polymers. The formulations were prepared with HPMC, PVP K30, and poloxamer 407 as polymers and methanol as solvent. The formulations were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, in vitro dissolution study by USP type I apparatus, and recrystallization study by optical microscopy. The dissolution profiles revealed that the drug and polymer ratio and the type of polymer both play critical role in solubility enhancement. The solid dispersions formulated with drug and poloxamer ratio of 1:1 showed highest dissolution rate. The formulations containing PVP did not show any endothermic peak of the drug unlike other formulations. There were molecular interactions between drug and polymers (HPMC and PVP) which were confirmed by FTIR...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2011 in |
Recent studies have provided relevant scientific support for the use of C. membranaceus root in the treatment of prostate cancers. In the current study, we formulated both liquid and solid oral dosage forms from the ethanol extract of C. membranaceus root and investigated their physicochemical properties, release effects and suitability in comparison with the currently used aqueous decoctions and directly powdered plant material, in order to determine the most appropriate and suitable dosage form that will maximize the benefits of therapy with this species. The prepared solution from the ethanol extract had characteristics similar to the aqueous decoction, but unlike the later, it maintained its specifications and stability throughout the period of study. However, the use of large volumes, convenience and suitability for long term use, will limit their application. The assessed properties of the prepared tablets and capsules met all the specifications required for good quality and they can be used in simple and convenient doses of one tablet or capsule, three times a day, in place of...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2011 in |
Nigella sativa L. (Black cumin) has showed a broad spectrum of pharmacological effects like antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial. These activities may be related to the seeds oil. The most important chemical composition of hexanic extract of seeds was unsaturated fatty acids and essential oil. In this investigation the hexanic extract of seeds was topically applied to evaluate the healing efficiency of seeds oil on the second degree burn wound models in rats. Animal were randomly divided into three groups of six for each group. Silver sulfadiazine was applied as an antiseptic standard drug. Wound healing was assessed by the rate of contraction and histological characteristics in treated and untreated groups. On day 12, the extract-treated animals showed 81.20% reduction in the wound area and were significantly (P<0.05) more than control group 63.31%. Histological study showed fully grown regenerated epidermis on day 12 in treated rats. The present study suggests the burn wound healing action of seeds may be due to anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of major compounds...
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