Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2022 in |
Microspheres drug delivery system have improved patient compliance, decreased toxicity, and increased efficacy. This work aimed to design a controlled-release drug-delivery system for lipid microspheres of Verapamil hydrochloride that would retain the drug in the stomach and continuously release the drug in a controlled manner up to a predetermined time. Lipid microspheres were prepared by using a melt solidification method. Microspheres with spherical shapes and narrow size distribution were formed. In the present investigation, two lipids were used in various concentrations; Ceresine wax & Bees Wax. In-vitro performance was evaluated, such as particle size analysis, drug entrapment efficiency, compatibility study, Preformulation study, flow properties, in-vitro drug release studies, stability studies, etc. The drug in microspheres was found to be stable and compatible with waxes, as confirmed by DSC and FTIR methods. The mixing ratio of lipids with drug affected the size, size distribution, Yield, drug content, and drug release of microspheres. Results showed that the solid, discrete, reproducible free-flowing microspheres were obtained. In most cases, good in-vitro microsphere behavior...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2022 in |
Moringa oleifera is an important food commodity with enormous attention as the ‘natural nutrition of the tropics. Leaves of this plant are traditionally known for or reported to have various biological activities, including hypocholesterolemic agent, antidiabetic, gastric ulcers, antitumor and hypotensive agent. This study was designed to assess the toxicological and histopathological effects of ethanolic leaves extracts of Moringa oleifera in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) induced Swiss albino mice. Material and Methods: Toxicity evaluation was carried out according to the OECD guidelines and histopathological assessment of the liver tissues was made using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results: It indicated that ethanolic extracts did not induce any toxicity up to 1600 mg/kg body weight doses. Examination of ascitic fluid revealed that ethanol extract at 500 mg/kg dose induced degenerative changes and mild signs of apoptosis. Gross pathology of the liver indicated that the extracts did not alter the normal cytoarchitecture of these tissues. Discussion and Conclusion: Findings from this study interpret that ELMO extracts can be used as a complementary...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2022 in |
Aggressive behavior is an important prerequisite for acquiring and maintaining feeding resources, territory and mating partners and, therefore, for the survival of an individual and the species. However, dysregulation of aggression among conspecifics can lead to severe injury and death. Aggression is prominently seen when a disturbance occurs in the fine balance of neurotransmitters such as 5-hydroxytryptamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, dopamine, and receptor subtypes. The current study evaluated the in-vivo anti-aggressive potential of a standardized extract of Alstonia scholaris leaves. The extract of Alstonia scholaris was evaluated for its potential effects against defensive and offensive aggressive behavior models of rodents by oral administration at 250, 500 mg/kg BW dose levels once daily for 14 consecutive days as a suspension in a carboxymethylcellulose CMC, diazepam 1 mg/kg, p.o. was used as a standard anti-aggressive agent. Control group animals were given an equal volume of vehicle 10%, v/v, CMC suspension. The anti-aggressive activity was evaluated using the following validated models of aggression, viz.: Isolation-Induced Aggression, Resident-Intruder Aggression, and Water Competition Test, in...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2022 in |
Aim of this study was to generate 3D models of protein drug targets in Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae by homology modelling. E. rhusiopathiae causes swine erysipelas disease that has great economic impact on the pork industry. Bioinformatic databases such as Uniprot KB, Drug Bank, PMDB and online tools such as BLASTp, SWISS Model and Ramachandran plot analysis and software such as Autodock4 and Pymol were used to perform this study. Among 4153 proteins reported from Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, 396 proteins were identified as potential drug targets. These 396 proteins were employed in homology modelling through the SWISS Model. Total of 131 homology structures with the Ramachandran favorable score above 95% were considered as reliable drug targets and were submitted to PMDB online database. The modelled proteins were subjected to protein-ligand docking analysis with standard antibiotics such as Ribostamycin, Cefalotin, Pefloxacin, Penicillamine, Artenimol, Cycloserine against their respective drug targets. Among these antibiotics Ribostamycin was identified as a potent drug against the Protein Disulphide Isomerase with a significant binding energy of -7.35Kcal/mol with formation...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2022 in |
Single Cell Protein (SCP) refers to the dead, dried cells of various microbes, including bacteria, yeast, algae, and fungi. This type of biomass can be obtained from economically cheap substrates like agro-wastes as a non-conventional proteintious source for human or animal feed. The bioconversion of Darjeeling mandarin peels into single-cell protein (SCP) was performed using Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae, by submerged fermentation. The study revealed that supplementing Darjeeling mandarin peels with inorganic nitrogen and glucose as carbon sources improved the fungal biomass and single-cell protein production. Aspergillus niger showed the highest biomass and protein yield of 2.53±0.005gm/l and 1.25 gm/l or 43.57±0.00%, respectively. The present study revealed that fungal biomasses had shown crude fat (ranging from to1.16gm/l), crude fiber (ranging from 0.06±0.001to1.97 gm/l), and total genomic DNA content (from 1.85±0.001-2.20±0.001%). Maximum ash content was observed by A. niger biomass in GMPM (3.89%). A. niger converted sugar 71.4% to yield biomass. A. niger and A. oryzae were useful for producing fungal biomass from Darjeeling mandarin...
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