Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2023 in |
Streptococcus mutans is the primary major causative agent of dental caries, with the ability to produce acid and form dental plaque. Streptococcus mutans adheres to the tooth surface via extracellular enzymes and produces dental plaque via extracellular polysaccharides synthesized from sucrose via glucosyltransferase and fructosyltransferase. This study aimed to look at the alternative antimicrobial agent from plant extracts against Streptococcus mutans. Streptococcus mutans were used to assess the antimicrobial activities of crude plant extracts. Five different plant extracts were examined using the agar well diffusion method and were found to be antibacterial against Streptococcus mutans; Saponin, Proteins, Tannins, Flavonoids, Steroids, and reducing Sugars were found in the phytochemical screening of selected medicinal plants. Among the different extracts, Methanol had the highest antibacterial activity due to its increased solubility of highly active antimicrobial and phytochemical components. The extract has the potential to be a new source of antibacterial agents, and it scientifically justifies the use of plant extracts as an alternative antimicrobial agent against antibiotics, which shows various side...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2023 in |
Coumarin and its derivatives are widely used as scaffolds in synthesizing new heterocyclic systems. Numerous approaches especially involving nano-particle catalysts, have been developed to get new bioactive coumarin derivatives endowed with pharmacological and biological activities. The present work describes the reactivity and the new strategies for the synthesis of coumarin and its derivatives reported in the literature and their biological properties. Coumarins possess a number of biological activities like Anticoagulant, Antimicrobial, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antioxidant, Anticancer, Antiviral, Anti-malarial etc. Coumarin belongs to a group as benzopyrones, which consists of a benzene ring joined to a pyrone nucleus 12. Coumarins (2H-1-benzopyran-2-ones) are important oxygen-containing fused heterocycles used in drugs and dyes. A number of coumarin derivatives have been reported to have diverse biological activities like fungicidal1-4, molluscicidal 2, antihelminthic 5, 6 and CNS 7 stimulants. Mannich Bases of some heterocyclic compounds are also reported Bioactive 8, 9. In view of this Mannich bases of 7 – hydroxyl – 4 – methyl coumrin and 4, 6, 7– trimethyl coumaryl incorporating various DL–amino...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2023 in |
Background: Shivering is one of the most troublesome and distressing experiences for the patient encountered intraoperatively following spinal anaesthesia. Tramadol is very commonly used in clinical practice for post-spinal shivering but has side effects. The study aimed to compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine with that of tramadol for prophylactic use in post-spinal anaesthesia shivering. Methods: A prospective, randomised controlled study was conducted on 210patients (American Society of Anaesthesiologists class I and II) of either gender, aged between 18 and 65, scheduled for elective lower abdominal and lower limb surgeriesunder spinal anaesthesia. The patients were randomized into three groups of 70 patients each. Group D received dexmedetomidine (0.5 µg/kg in 100 ml NS), Group T received tramadol (0.5 mg/kg in 100 ml NS) and Group C received 100 ml NS. All the drugs were given as an infusion over 10 min.The incidence and severity of shivering were recorded at 0min, 5min, 10min, 15 min and then every 15min till the end of surgery. The data was analyzed using IBMSPSS20 for...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2023 in |
Persistent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) attributable to resistant strains has increased the burden leading to poor quality of life to the patients. Drugs of herbal origin have been identified as potential sources of new anti-tubercular agents for the treatment of this disease and emerging resistant strains of the bacterium. In this research, therefore, five herbs/plants that have been indicated in the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the traditional/folklore medicine were evaluated for their potential use in the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Garcinia kola, Picralina nitida, Mitracarpus villosus, Vernonia amygdalina and Securidaca longipedunculata were assessed for their anti-tubercular activity using standard methods. G. kola and V. amygdalina having better activity were assessed for their synergistic activity. Doses displaying in-vivo activity were established. The activity of the synergistic mix with Rifampicin was evaluated in a resistant Mtb strain. Two plants; G. kola (MIC of 125 mg/ml) and V. amygdalina (MIC of 250 mg/ml) performed better than others. The synergistic ratios of V. amygdalina, G. kola of 1:1, 2:1, 4:1 and 8:1...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2023 in |
Among various subtypes of breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is aggressive breast cancer. Doxorubicin is the standard therapy used for treating TNBC, but poses a risk of severe adverse effects affecting patient compliance. Hence, there is a need for therapy that reduces the adverse effect and increase compliance for better overall pathological complete response (pCR). Metformin, widely used as an anti-diabetic, has gained momentum for its preventive potential and delaying various cancers, including breast cancer, owing to its high safety and better tolerability. Hesperidin, commonly found in citrus fruits, is an integral part of daily diet and consumed worldwide. The objective of the current study was to investigate the potentiation of anti-proliferative effect of doxorubicin using metformin and hesperidinon MDA-MB-468 human breast cancer cell line. The IC50 concentration of doxorubicin (1 µM) was combined with non-toxic doses of metformin (0.5, 1, and 2 mM) and hesperidin (5, 10, and 20 µM). Metformin (1 mM) and hesperidin (5 µM) in combination with doxorubicin (1 µM) inhibited the migration of...
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