Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2022 in |
The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of complexing the poorly water-soluble drug ibrutinib with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) based nanosponges (NS), which offer advantages of improving dissolution rate and eventually oral bioavailability. Blank NS were fabricated by reacting β-CD with the cross-linker carbonyldiimidazole at different molar ratios (1:2, 1:4 and 1:8). The effect of formulation parameters on practical yield and particle size were evaluated by L9 Taguchi orthogonal array design. The NS of highest solubilization extent for the drug were complexed with ibrutinib. Drug-loaded NS (IBNS) were characterized for various physicochemical properties. The optimized IBNS showed a particle size of 138 nm during a zeta potential of -21.6 mV. The drug loading capacity was 48%. More than 90% of the drug was released from IBNS2 over 24 h while that of free drug suspension was only 21%. The DSC, FT-IR, and PXRD studies confirmed the complexation of ibrutinib with NS and the amorphous state of the drug in the complex. Hence, the solubility and dissolution of the...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2022 in |
Background: Dose appropriateness in Chronic Kidney Disease patients is crucial to avert toxicity since several drugs are eliminated through kidneys. The present study was taken up to identify the degree of appropriateness in the dosage regimen of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Methods: The study was a prospective observational study carried out in the Department of Nephrology in a tertiary care hospital of Telangana for 6 months. Patients diagnosed with CKD were included in the study, and the data regarding the demographic details, stage, prescribed drugs, etc., were obtained from the patients’ medical records. The creatinine clearance was estimated using Cockcroft Gault (CG) equation. The dose appropriateness was compared with the guidelines and published literature. Results: Out of 274 CKD Patients admitted, 200 were included in the study, amongst 35 % of the patients were in the age group of 61-75 years, followed by 41-60 years of age (33%). Almost 94.5% of patients were found to have co-morbid conditions with diabetes, hypertension and heart function disorders as...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2022 in |
Literature evidence suggests that neuroinflammation plays a key role that activates and propagates the neurodegenerative process associated with many neurological diseases. Different stimuli, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are the endotoxin that activates the immune system to create neuroinflammation associated with neurodegeneration. The peak expression of different cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β & IL-6) post LPS injection is time-dependent. Those inflammatory cytokines in plasma and the brain were measured by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA). To inhibit the cytokine expression, the mice were orally given a single dose (1 mg/kg) of Dexamethasone (Dexa), 0.5 h prior to LPS injection. Above cytokines were observed at their peak expression time points and the plasma & brain concentrations of Dexa were analysed using LC-MS/MS. Brain/plasma ratio (B/P) was calculated. Our results indicate that Dexa (1 mg/kg, po) has better anti-inflammatory effect in plasma with good exposure and minimal efficacy in brain may be due to low B/P...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2022 in |
Genistein is phytoestrogens that function on estrogen receptors through a receptor-dependent mechanism. Genistein is commonly used to alleviate menopause symptoms, lower breast cancer risk, protect against prostate problems, improve bone health and lower the risk of heart disease. This research aims to create Genistein oral tablets with a long release time. In a rotary tableting machine, tablets were made using the Wet Granulation technique. In-vitro release studies were conducted using a 1% SLS aqueous solution in a Paddle apparatus (USP Type-II apparatus) for 120 min at 37 + -05 °C and 100 RPM. The formulation containing Methocel K 100 LV and K4M was found to be the best based on dissolution results. The formulations were tested for stability according to ICH guidelines and were found to be stable during the sample. Flow properties, Carr and Hausner indexes, hardness, friability, disintegration time and drug release profile were among the parameters tested on powder, granules and tablets. In addition, a quick and reliable HPLC analytical method for Genistein has been...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2022 in |
Poultry products are a major source of animal protein in Ghana. However, disease outbreaks have constantly threatened increased poultry production in some regions of the country. The most common source of human salmonellosis is food of poultry origin. The evolution of resistant strains of Salmonella in natural environments and animal houses presents a serious public health concern. Fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin have remained effective agents in managing salmonellosis and other gastrointestinal infections over the years. However, despite growing evidence on evolving antibiotic resistance in S. typhi, few studies have assessed the susceptibility of salmonella species to commercially marketed ciprofloxacin brands. This study thus sought to determine the susceptibility of S. typhi isolated from 25 poultry farms in the Ashanti region to commercially available ciprofloxacin brands on the Ghanaian market. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out using a modified Kirby Bauer disk diffusion assay and MIC determination by micro-broth dilution. Of the 50 Salmonella typhi isolates, 20% (n=10/50) were susceptible to pure ciprofloxacin, while 58% (29/50) of the isolates were...
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