Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2021 in |
Introduction: In this present study, the heaptoprotective effect of an optimized herbal formula (HF) was evaluated against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injuries in rats. Methods: In-vitro antioxidant activity of the HF was evaluated by reducing power, lipid peroxidation, and DPPH scavenging assays. Hepatoprotective activity of HF (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w) was evaluated against CCl4-induced hepatic damage in rats. Serum enzymatic levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (AST), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (ALT), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Gamma-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) were estimated along with an estimation of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione (GSH) and TBARS levels in liver tissues. The lipid profile was also examined. Furthermore, histopathological examination of the liver sections and p53 expression assay were performed to confirm and advocate the induction of hepatotoxicity as well as hepatoprotective efficacy. RESULTS: The HF exhibited strong in-vitro antioxidant activities in terms of reducing power, inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and DPPH radical scavenging. HF restored the significantly elevated serum enzymatic levels of AST, ALT, ALP and γ-GT in...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2021 in |
Most lipids used in solubilizing poorly soluble drugs are synthetic or semi-synthetic. In this study, the African Baobab seed oil (natural oil) was investigated for its potential in solubilizing poorly soluble drugs in a microemulsion formulation. Oil was extracted from untreated seeds by hydraulic pressing. Physicochemical characteristics of the oil were determined. The solubility of Furosemide, Griseofulvin, Ibuprofen, and Mebendazole was determined in the seed oil, surfactants, and co-surfactants. The miscibility of the oil, surfactants, and co-surfactants was assessed. A ternary phase diagram was developed to determine the microemulsion zone. Formulations of drug incorporated microemulsions were prepared using the seed oil. The microemulsions were characterized by droplet size, pH, transmittance, in-vitro drug release, and stability. The oil from the seeds was golden yellow in appearance. It was free from disease-causing pathogens. Analysis of the oil constants revealed that the oil was good for use as a pharmaceutical excipient. Optimised composition of 15% oil, 75% surfactant and 10% water formed a clear and stable microemulsion which solubilised Furosemide (30 mg/ml),...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2021 in |
Lagerstroemia speciosa (Lythraceae), commonly known as Banaba which bears attractive and colourful pink or purple flowers. The leaf of the plant is used as a remedy for the treatment of diabetes. The seed, root, stem bark of the plant has shown a promising pharmacological effect. Fruits are used for diarrhoea, mouth ulcers. Pharmacognostic evaluation of leaves stems and stem bark is available in the literature; there are no reports available on pharmacognostic evaluation of fruit. The current study aims at the development of pharmacognostic standards for Lagerstroemia speciosa fruits. Fruits were evaluated for organoleptic, microscopic characteristics, physicochemical properties, preliminary phytochemical screening. Microscopy analyses showed pericarp, epidermal layer, mesocarp, endocarp, and seeds. Powder microscopy showed elongated sclerides, stone cells, fibers, parenchyma cells. Water and alcohol extractive values were found to be 13.2% and 0.96%, respectively. Preliminary phytochemical investigation of extracts showed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, and saponin. The current study would serve as an important tool for correct identification and preparation of monograph of Lagerstroemia speciosa...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2021 in |
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic condition that affects the lower gastrointestinal tract. It affects the function and behavior of the intestine resulting in abdominal pain, flatulence, loose stools, frequent stools, feeling of being unable to completely empty bowel and nausea. Moringa oleifera, also commonly known as drumstick tree, is a highly valued plant with a wide range of medicinal uses. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of Moringa oleifera Lam roots extract on colonic motility disorders induced by water avoidance stress in rats. Male Wistar rats weighing between (150 g -200 g) were divided into the following five groups (n=6). Group 1 Normal control (saline), Group 2 Disease control animals subjected to water avoidance stress (WAS) for 10 days, Group 3Animals received standard drug (Ramosteron) and WAS, Group 4 Animals received LMOE (100 mg/kg) and WAS, Group 5: Animals received HMOE (400 mg/kg) and WAS. Animals subjected to WAS, showed a significant increase in fecal pellet count and increased levels of MDA and...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2021 in |
MER kinase is an important tyrosine-kinase receptor that is associated with a variety of cancers, including mantle cell lymphomas, pituitary adenomas and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Identification of new MERTK inhibitors assumes crucial importance. Only one ligand-based pharmacophore model is reported to date for MERTK inhibitors. There are many more molecules with improved enzyme inhibitory activity reported since the publishing of this model. Because of this fact, we decided to develop a pharmacophore model for the MERTK inhibitors to assist in virtual screening using Phase for this purpose. Hydrogen bond donors, hydrogen bond acceptors, rings, positively ionizable groups, and hydrophobic groups were considered as key elements contributing to ligand activity for the pharmacophore model. Pharmacophore modelling was followed by extensive validation of the developed pharmacophore models. The developed pharmacophore model highlighted the importance of the positively ionizable groups and a ring structure. We have used these models for database screening to arrive at few hits. So findings in this study were proved to be useful in the optimization and...
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