Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2021 in |
Evaluation of nootropic activity of Semecarpus anacardium leaves ethyl alcohol extract on exteroceptive behavior and interoceptive behavior was investigated by use of Shuttle box, Continuous Avoidance Response Apparatus and Elevated plus-maze test, Scopolamine-induced amnesia, Diazepam-induced amnesia, and Sodium nitrite-induced amnesia. The beha-vioral study was done using Lithium- induced head twitches (5-HT mediated behavior) test. The ethyl alcohol leaves extract was administered orally in two different dosages to male albino rats (100 and 200 mg/kg daily, p.o. & isolated flavonoid 40 mg/kg daily p.o) and Swiss albino mice (100 and 200 mg/kg Daily p.o. & isolated flavonoid 40mg/kg daily p.o). The result was compared to piracetam (100 mg/kg, p.o) used as a standard drug. The buzzer (conditioned stimulus) and an electric shock (unconditioned stimulus, 30 v and 0.5 sec) were used in the Shuttle box. The ethyl alcohol extract of Semecarpus anacardium leaves showed statically significant improvement in memory retention and learning when compared to control. The study shows that the ethyl alcohol extract of Semecarpus anacardium leaves has the...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2021 in |
The validated stability-indicating analytical method was developed for quantification of Atazanavir using Atazanavir-D9 as an internal standard by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The method was validated according to United States Pharmacopeia (USP) guideline with respect to the accuracy, precision, specificity, linearity, solution stability, robustness, sensitivity, and system suitability. Forced degradation study was validated according to International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH). For this, an isocratic condition of mobile phase comprising 10 mM Ammonium Acetate Buffer (pH: 4.0): Methanol: Acetonitrile, (20:40:40%, v/v/v) using the CORTECS C18, 90Å, 2.7 µm, 4.6 mm × 150mm. The total analysis time was 4.0 min, and the flow rate was set to 0.5 ml/min. The mass transitions of Atazanavir and Atazanavir-D9 obtained were m/z 705.3 × 167.9 and 714.9®167.9. The standard curve shows a correlation coefficient (r2) greater than 0.999 with a range of 150.0-450.0 pg/ml using the linear regression model. Forced degradation of the drug product was carried out as per the ICH guidelines with a view to establishing the stability-indicating property of this method and providing useful...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2021 in |
The study aimed to enhance the solubility and develop a polymer (Guar Gum/Xanthan gum) based colon targeted drug delivery system of Quercetin promising in-vitro mouth-to-colon release profile. The solubility of the drug was enhanced by the solid dispersion method using solvent-evaporation technique; the optimized formulation 1:5 (Quercetin: PVP) was targeted to colon. Thermal studies proved that the drug is in an amorphous state. FTIR studies indicated no interaction between the drug and the polymers. The in-vitro drug release studies indicated that among all, F5 and F6 type formulations were promising to target the colon with a release of 96.30% at the end of 24th h. F6 formulation exhibited a release of 90.12% at the end of 24th h. The release kinetics was found to follow zero-order by super case- II transport. Simulated dissolution studies of the optimized formulations using 4% rat caecal demonstrated a maximum release of 100.36 & 98.75% at the end of 24th h in colonic contents. The tablets showed a release of 92.78± 0.61 at the...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2021 in |
The extraction condition, physic-chemistry characterization, and antioxidant activity of pectin from cactus Opuntia dillenii found commonly growing in the Ninh Thuan coast, Vietnam, were studied. The extraction conditions of antioxidant pectin content, such as temperature, time, cactus-to-solvent ratio, solvent pH, and extraction numbers, were surveyed. A correlation between pectin content and antioxidant activities, physic-chemistry characterization such as FTIR spectra, sugar composition, viscosity, solubility ability, and esterification degree of antioxidant pectin were also analyzed. The results showed that the extraction condition strongly affected (p < 0.05) and close correlation (R2 > 0.9) on pectin content and antioxidant activities. The pectin content and the antioxidant activities got the highest value at the condition (pH 4, the solvent/material of 6/1 (v/w), the extracting time of 90 min, and extracting temperature of 90 ºC). Glucuronic and galacturonic acid of antioxidant pectin occurred from 20.920 min to 21.765 min and 20.915 min to 21.779 min, respectively. Pectin possessed an esterification degree of 62.38 ± 0.94 %, viscosity of 0.893 ± 0.051 Pa.s, and fully...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2021 in |
Oral route has been commonly adopted and the most convenient route for drug administration. It has been received more attention in the pharmaceutical field because of the more flexibility in the designing of dosage form than drug delivery design for other routes. Gastroretensive systems can remain in the gastric region for several hours and hence significantly prolong the gastric residence time of drugs. Floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) have a bulk density less than gastric fluids and so remain buoyant in the stomach without affecting the gastric emptying rate for a prolonged period of time. While the system is floating on the gastric contents, the drug is released slowly at the desired rate from the system. After the release of a drug, the residual system is emptied from the stomach. The floating bioadhesive tablet was a promising approach. The addition of gel-forming and mucoadhesive polymer like HPMC, xanthan gum, carbopol, and polyethylene oxide and gas generating sodium bicarbonate along with citric acid was essential to achieve in-vitro buoyancy desirable...
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