Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2020 in |
Antimicrobial peptides are considered as promising and potential next-generation antibiotics on account of their broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and unique mode of microbial killing. For therapeutic application, it is essential to consider the hemolytic or cytotoxic property of AMPs along with antimicrobial function. In the current study, an avian beta-defensin 7 (AvBD7) gene was identified from Corvus splendens. The predicted amino acid sequence showed the presence of β defensin core motif and three disulphide bridges. We analysed the interaction of wild and mutant analogues of mature Corvus AvBD7 dimer with neutral 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) that mimics mammalian membranes using molecular dynamics simulation studies. Hydrophobic residues at the N-terminus of each monomer were found to provide stability in the dimeric form. In both monomer and dimer, Asp3 and Asp4 interact with Tyr40 and Ser41 thereby helping in maintaining a claw shape at the C-terminus. During simulation, we found that the C-terminus claw region of wild dimer remained intact than its mutant analogs, and also wild AvBD7 exhibited a greater propensity...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2020 in |
Preparation and evaluation of dikamali gum-based microspheres of Flurbiprofen, needed a suitable bioanalytical method. In this direction, we report the development of a simple RP-HPLC method for the determination of Flurbiprofen in rabbit plasma samples by using the standard internal method. The method was carried out on RP C18 column, with a mixture of the buffer: acetonitrile (60:40) as the mobile phase. The linearity was found to be in the range of 83.90-99.45%. The half-life of drug was 4.7-5.7 h. The developed method was validated as per USFDA guidelines and used in the estimation of Flurbiprofen microspheres on oral administration in rabbits. It was observed that the Tmax and AUC of Flurbiprofen was 3 h, 114.24 mcg.hr/ml for the marketed formulation, and 9 h and 213.03 mcg.hr/ml for test formulation, respectively. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the test formulation showed delayed Tmax, decreased Cmax, and increased area under the curve (AUC) as compared to the reference formulation. This indicated that Flurbiprofen was not released significantly in the stomach and small...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2020 in |
The vertebrate immune system is composed of numerous distinct and interdependent components, and it consists of both systemic and mucosal immune compartments, but the mucosal immune system which protects the body from the first encounter of pathogens. β-defensins are a group of cysteine-rich cationic antimicrobial peptides that play an antimicrobial roles in the immune systems of vertebrates. Vertebrate defensins can be classified into α-, β, and θ-defensins based on their cysteine disulphide bonding. In the present study, we report the expression level of the β-defensin- 3 in the small intestine of the zebrafish after a bacterial challenge with Staphylococcus aureus with 100% and 50% concentrations. The results revealed that the β-defensin-3 was highly upregulated in both 100% and 50% concentration of the bacterial pathogen, and it plays an important role in the innate and mucosal immunity in...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2020 in |
Modernization and intensification of agricultural production is generally accompanied by a rapid increase in the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Ethion 50% EC is a broad-spectrum organophosphate insecticide used to control insects, mites, and nematodes by soil, foliar, and seed treatment applications, mainly on potatoes, sugar beet, rice, and maize, citrus. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of Ethion 50% EC pesticide on common carp Labeo rohita for the 96 h LC50 value was found 1.20 µg/l and observed the behavioural studies at the of exposed to Labeo...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2020 in |
Introduction: Reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide play a major role in the physiopathology of inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, autoimmune pathologies and immunodeficiency. With this understanding targeting oxidative stress could be a promising approach in new drug discovery. Methodology: Therefore, new compounds that were isolated from methanolic extract of leaves of wild strawberry, Fragaria nubicola were tested for its in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity against the free radical’s generation during the process of respiratory burst by luminol enhanced chemiluminescence technique. The effect on superoxide and nitric oxide production was measured in cell culture supernatant by cell based spectrophotometric assay. The cytotoxicity analysis was done using a fibroblast cell line by MTT assay. Results: a current study has demonstrated the potential of selected compounds being an effective immunomodulating agent. These compounds (1-5) were found to be significantly inhibiting the myeloperoxidase dependent free radical generation with an IC50 value of 4.6 ± 1.3, 5.7 ± 1.6,<1, 2.3 ± 0.01 and <1 µg/mL respectively. As compare to ibuprofen, which showed IC50 of 43.4 ±...
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