Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2020 in |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen which acquires resistance to antibiotics such as carbapenems and cefepime. Information regarding (NDM-1) gene producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa is available, but data regarding their degree of infection and percentage in hospital settings are scarce. Hence, this study was carried out to determine the occurrence of blaNDM-1 gene among clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a tertiary care hospital in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. A total of 126 isolates of P. aeruginosa isolated from various clinical samples were evaluated for carbapenem resistance and MBL production. In the present study it was found that majority of isolates (39.7%) were resistant to imipenem followed by ertapenem (35.9%) and doripenem (24.3%). A total of 31/78 (39.7%) isolates of P. aeruginosa were resistant to one or both carbapenems (imipenem and ertapenem) used in the screening test. Out of 78 isolates, 27 (34.6%) and 25 (32.1%) isolates were MHT positive and MBL producers by Modified Hodge Test (MHT) and MBL E-Strip test respectively and Out of 25 MBL positive...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2020 in |
A simple, precise, and rapid stability indicating RP-HPLC method has been developed for the simultaneous estimation of darunavir ethanolate and Ritonavir in Pharmaceutical dosage form in the presence of degradation products. It involved the Zorbax bonus, 150 mm × 4.6 mm of 3.5 μm particles packing stationary phase. The separation was achieved using mobile phase a consists of ammonium acetate buffer: methanol; 50:50 (% v/v) mixture and mobile phase B consists of ammonium acetate buffer: acetonitrile; 45:55 (% v/v) mixture with the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, gradient program was applied from 0.0 min to 35.0 min. The effluent is monitored at 240 nm. The retention time of darunavir ethanolate and ritonavir was found to be 7.39 ± 0.09 min and 16.18 ± 0.007 min, respectively, with a total run time of 35 min. Forced degradation study was carried out in acid, base, and oxidative conditions where 3 degradation products; DP1, DP2, and DP3 were observed in acidic condition at RT 1.765 min, 4.276 min, 8.261 min, and 4...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2020 in |
Background: Lung cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm worldwide, accounting for greater mortality than due to any other cancer. It accounts for about 13% of all new cancer cases and 19% of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In India, lung cancer comprises 6.9% of all new cases of cancer and 9.3% of all cancer-related mortality in both sexes. This study aimed to find out the socio-demographic characteristics of lung cancer patients in the North Malabar region of Kerala. Methods: This is a prospective observational analysis of 238 lung cancer patients in the North Malabar region of Kerala during the period of 2017 and 2018. Results: A total of 238 lung cancer patients were included in this study, among which 195 were males (82.0%), and 43 (18.0%) were females. The male-female ratio was found to be 4.5:1. In the case of male subjects, most of the patients present in the age group of 60-69 (40%) followed by ≥ 70 (36.9%), and only 4.1% of subjects represents below 40 age group. In...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2020 in |
The natural physiological functioning of an organism gets disturbed on exposure to toxicant stress. Toxicants affect first at cellular levels. It ultimately causes physiological, pathological, and biochemical alterations in an organism. Present study λ-Cyhalothrin of 5% EC formulation pyrethroid was used static renewal bioassay to evaluate 96 h LC50 in the freshwater fish Ctenopharyngodon idella and it was determined at 0.026 mg/l. The exposed fish Ctenopharyngodon idella showed irregular, erratic, and darting swimming movements, rapid opercular movements, gulping of air at the surface, hyperexcitability, increased mucus secretion, loss of equilibrium and hitting to the sidewalls of the test tank and finally sinking to the bottom. 1/10th of the 96 h LC50 was taken as sub-lethal (0.0026 mg/l) concentration for oxygen consumption studies, and it was carried out for a period of 24 h, at regular intervals of 2 h. In the lethal and sub-lethal concentration, the rates of oxygen consumption were increased during the initial time of exposures, i.e., 1 to 6 h after that it was suddenly falling...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2020 in |
Acetaminophen (APAP), well-known as paracetamol, is a safe analgesic and antipyretic agent at a therapeutic dose. However, overdoses of APAP can induce hepatotoxicity, which in turn causes severe liver injury. Various hepatic models mimicking liver architecture have been investigated to examine the potential hepatotoxic effects of chemicals and drugs, but there is always a demand for in-vitro high-throughput hepatic platforms for measuring the hepatotoxicity. This study aims to provide a simple, easy to fabricate and work, a micro-space three-dimensional (3D) scaffold culture system as an in-vitro model for APAP induced hepatotoxicity studies on hepatocarcinoma cell lines (HCC – HepG2 and Huh-7). A silicon mould based template was used to cast out polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) hexagonal scaffolds. Cytotoxicity was performed by MTT assay. Fluorescence microscopy is used to know the differences in the morphology of the cells grown on scaffolds. mRNA levels of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) expressions were demonstrated through qRT-PCR technique. This study examined the characteristics and usefulness of HepG2 and Huh-7 cell lines grown on the PDMS scaffold...
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