Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2020 in |
Kidney stones are aggregations of minerals such as calcium, oxalate, phosphates, uric acid, cysteine, etc. which can obstruct any part of the urinary system. This can turn fatal if left untreated as the major route of excretion is blocked causing the toxicity level to rise in the body which might lead to organ failure, coma and death. Limonia acidissima (wood apple) and Apple cider vinegar were found to contain phytoconstituents which are the bioactive components responsible for the anti-urolithiatic activity. Nucleation and aggregation of Calcium oxalate crystals was performed in presence of test samples were based on the percentage inhibition calculated, the mixture of samples gave the highest inhibition (37%) followed by wood apple (25%) and apple cider vinegar (9%). Calcium oxalate crystals were allowed to grow similarly where wood apple (113%) gave better inhibition when compared to apple cider vinegar (82%). The crystals obtained were microscopically monitored to correlate with obtained spectrophotometric results. Brushite crystals were grown synthetically by single gel diffusion and were exposed to the extracts....
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2020 in |
The present study describes formulation optimization, in-vitro evaluation and ex-vivo assessment of indomethacin loaded binary ethosomal gel using central composite design. Two formulation factors, concentration of lipid and concentration of ethanol were optimized for their effects on vesicle size (Y1), zeta potential (Y2), polydispersity index (Y3), entrapment efficiency (Y4) and % cumulative drug release (Y5). The lipid concentration was found to significantly affect particle size, zeta potential and in-vitro drug release and ethanol concentration was found to significantly affect zeta potential while the interaction effects varied with each response. On identification of optimum desirability, an optimized formulation was prepared, characterized and loaded into transdermal gel. The optimized ethosomal formulation showed observed values for Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 and Y5 of 185.5nm, -27mV, 0.237, 87.86% and 45.65% respectively. Ethosomal gels were formulated using carbopol and HPMC and were characterized for pH, spreadability, drug content, viscosity, and % CDR wherein the optimized formulation showed values of 6.85, 31.07 g.cm/sec, 99.87%, 52000cP, and 56.11% respectively. Ex-vivo permeation study for the optimized ethosomal...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2020 in |
The oral route of drug administration is the most common and preferred method of delivery due to convenience and ease of ingestion, but it is problematic if the drug is poorly soluble. Sufficient drug absorption, reproducible bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile of orally administered drug substances are highly dependent on the solubility of that compound in an aqueous medium. Also, the therapeutic effectiveness of drugs depends upon bioavailability and, ultimately, upon the solubility of drug molecules. Solid dispersions have attracted considerable interest as an efficient means of improving the solubility and hence bioavailability of a range of hydrophobic drugs. These systems are one of the most promising approaches for solubility enhancement. They are referred to a group of solid products consisting of at least two different components, generally a hydrophilic matrix and a hydrophobic drug (1-4). The aim of the present study was to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of Lercanidipine Hydrochloride (L) by formulating a solid dispersion with Polyvinyl pyrollidone (PVP-K30) and Guar gum. Central composite design (CCD) was employed...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2020 in |
Objective: Many studies have demonstrated the antioxidant properties of extracts of Coleus aromaticus. The purified Coleus aromaticus leaves protein was studied to investigate its in-vitro antioxidant activity, preventing oxidative DNA damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and its protective effect on lymphocyte cell viability. Materials and Methods: In-vitro antioxidant capacity by DPPH assay, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) used to damage the calf thymus DNA, the purified Coleus aromaticus leaves protein (CALP) at 25 μg concentration was used to prevent the H2O2 induced DNA damage, which was demonstrated on submarine agarose gel electrophoresis. The protective effect of purified CALP on cell viability of human peripheral lymphocytes against damage induced by H2O2 was studied by the Trypan dye blue exclusion method. Standard antioxidants like gallic acid, ascorbic acid, and butylated hydroxyanisole were used. Results: The purified CALP protein showed significant antioxidant activity when compared to Gallic acid. At 25 μg concentration of purified CALP provided almost equal protection as given by standard antioxidant Ascorbic acid at 400 μM concentrations against H2O2 induced...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2020 in |
Objective: Kojic acid and arbutin are potent agents for effective treatment of hyperpigmentation. However, low photostability, low permeability and high irritancy exhibited by them make topical delivery a challenge. The aim of this study was to develop novel photostable and highly penetrable formulation of kojic acid and arbutin to combat hyper-pigmentation effectively at lower concentrations in comparison to marketed conventional formulations. Methods: Kojic acid and arbutin loaded micro-emulsion based crème’ gel was formulated by the generation of water in oil system by spontaneous formation technique followed by incorporation into a gel. Thus manufactured by simple industry feasible technique and evaluated for effective reduction of skin irritancy, improvement in photostability, the penetrability of the hydrophilic drugs and anti-tyrosinase potential. Results: Comparative in-vitro and ex-vivo release study showed that microemulsion based crème’ gel not only provided sustained effect up to 24 h but also retained approximately 10 folds higher drug concentration of drugs in the skin as against conventional gel formulation. This novel formulation was not associated with any irritation potential...
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