Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2019 in |
Background and Aim: This study aimed to investigate certain non-traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis in CKD hemodialysis patients with and without HCV infection. Methods: The eligible hemodialysis patients attending our renal dialysis unit were subjected to demographic assessment, testing for HCV infection, basic biochemical profile, and assaying for serum insulin levels, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) levels, and angiotensin II (ANG II) levels. Results: 65 patients were included in this study, where 35 of them were HCV negative and 30 patients were HCV positive. Out of the 65 studied patients, 25 patients received treatment with ACE inhibitor (ACEI) for ≥ 6 months. Our data indicated that the HCV positive patients had CIMT values >0.9 mm which is the limiting value for diagnosing atherosclerosis in 63.3% and 66.7% at right and left carotids, respectively, while only 20% and 31.4% of the right and left carotids, respectively of the HCV negative group had CIMT values >0.9 mm with significant difference between the two groups (p<0.001 and p<005 respectively for right and left...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2019 in |
Piper sarmentosum Roxb. belongs to the genus Piper in which traditional application described as remedy for several diseases. Considering its vast potential as effective pharmacological agent, a study was conducted to assess the phytochemical and biological activities of P. sarmentosum leaf extracts, with particular focus on their anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and anticancer properties. Results for antimicrobial test revealed that it has positive activity against the tested microorganisms namely, Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiella pneumonia. In terms of the antioxidant activity of the extracts, using DPPH scavenging assay, it can be observed that P. sarmentosum has an IC50 of 55.25 ppm, suggesting a potentially significant source of antioxidants. The extracts also exhibited a strong cytotoxic activities against three human cancer cell lines; cervical carcinoma (HeLa), breast cancer (MCF-7), and colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29). The antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the leaf extract could be attributed to the tannins and flavonoids identified using phytochemical analysis together with steroids and alkaloids. Further analysis of the bioactive compounds using GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of phytochemicals...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2019 in |
Objectives: The aim of this work was the preparation of Clotrimazole (CM) loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (CM-NLC) and the examination of in-vitro antifungal activity of prepared formula. Methods: High shear hot homogenization method was used for CM-NLC preparation. Different ratios of Compritol AT 888 and Labrasol were used and combined with two types of surfactants: Kolliphor P188 or Kolliphor EL to stabilize NLC dispersion. The prepared formulae were tested for diameter, zeta potential, loading capacity, in-vitro release, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and also for antifungal activity against strains of Candida albicans. Results: six formulae were successfully prepared with Z-average diameter ranges from 468.9 ± 3.7 down to 18.63 ± 0.964 nm, and high loading capacity of the drug (˃50%) and Polydispersity index less than 1, indicating homogeneity of size. DSC images ensured drug solubility in the lipid matrix and dispersed in NLC in an amorphous state. While TEM images ensured that the CM-NLC formulation had a size below 30 nm and a spherical shape. In-vitro...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2019 in |
Objectives: The main objective was to find out a suitable and effective natural release retardant, which can be used in matrix tablet preparation along with synthetic excipients. Methods: Tamarind seed polysaccharides (TSP) were isolated from Tamarindus indica by hot extraction method followed by freeze-drying and yield was found to be 16.85%. Microbial studies confirmed that TSP doesn’t support microbial growth. Matrix tablet of Metformin HCl was prepared by using a wet granulation method with the help of TSP. Drug excipients compatibility was checked with the help of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). At last, the release was compared with the marketed formulation. Results: The drug content of all the formulations ranged from 96.55% to 98.54%. Formulation F7 showed release up to 12 h. It was observed that as per increase in the polymer concentration, the release rate also increased. F6 formulation was found to be the optimized formulation. The F6 and marketed both the formulation followed the Higuchi model as n values came within...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2019 in |
Nepafenac is an analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug, used in post-operative ocular pain and presently available in the market in the form of 0.1% ophthalmic suspension eye drop due to aqueous insolubility of the drug. The present formulation is not only poor patient compliant due to suspension form but also suffers from a short corneal residence and inadequate ocular bioavailability. The objective of the present research work is to enhance the aqueous solubility of lipophilic drug nepafenac and develop its ocular gel formulation for overcoming the drawbacks of the presently marketed product. The 10% w/v HP-β-CD solution was used to formulate nepafenac in solution form, which resulted in 57.14 fold solubility enhancement of nepafenac in water, facilitating the development of nepafenac eye drop-in solution form. To enhance the pre-corneal residence of the formulation, the drug solution was incorporated into the hydrogel base, i.e. gellan gum capable of ion-activated sol-to-gel transformation in the ocular environment while sodium hyaluronate forms gel that exists in slightly viscous flowable form. The developed formulation was...
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