Posted by admin on May 31, 2019 in |
The purpose of this research was to develop novel solid dispersions (SDs) of BCS class IV drug, canagliflozin hemihydrate (CFZ) using Eudragit® E PO (EE PO) as a carrier, to enhance its solubility and dissolution rate. Solvent evaporation technique was used to prepare SDs. The SDs were evaluated for saturated solubility, in-vitro dissolution study, solid-state characterization using FTIR, DSC, XRD and SEM, and flow properties. The solubility of CFZ in SDs increased manifold as compared with pure CFZ. Low values of angle of repose, Carr’s index, and Hausner ratio indicated good flow properties. The difference factor (f1) and similarity factor (f2) values suggested that dissolution profiles of the SDs were dissimilar to market product and the comparative dissolution curves revealed that SDs released CFZ faster than the marketed product. XRD patterns and DSC thermographs suggested that the SDs were present in an amorphous form, unlike pure crystalline CFZ. SEM studies showed CFZ has discrete crystalline particles whereas SD2 has diffuse, irregular asymmetrical structure. The SDs was superior to pure...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2019 in |
2-Anilino-3-formylchromones are obtained in high yield by rearrangement of differently substituted C-(4-oxo-4H[1]-benzopyran-3-yl)-N-phenylnitrones. These compounds undergo various facile nucleophilic substitution reactions leading to the synthesis of various pharmacologically active chromone based novel heterocyclic systems like sulphonamides. The C-2 and C-3 are the main positions in the chromone moiety for the attack of nucleophiles and electrophiles, respectively. The chromone system behaves as Micheal acceptor. Generally, the nucleophilic attack at C-2 is accompanied by ring transformation. Protonation and alkylation occur on the oxygen of chromone moiety. In the present study, the substituted 3-Formylchromones were synthesized by Vilsmeyer haack Reaction. These substituted 3-Formylchromones were then reacted with phenyl hydroxyl amine in dry benzene to obtain substituted 2-Anilino-3-formylchromones which were further reacted with various substituted sulphonamides in dry alcohol to furnish final derivatives, i.e. chromone based sulphonamide derivatives (8a-h). Chemical structures of these synthesized derivatives were characterized by I.R Spectroscopy, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and Mass spectroscopy analysis. Further, these obtained chromone based sulfonamide derivatives (8a-h) were evaluated in-vitro for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. Staphylococcus...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2019 in |
Introduction: Appropriate understanding and adherence to antiretroviral regimens are important requisites to the presentation of good outcomes in the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV/AIDS. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the understanding and level of adherence to antiretroviral regimens among HIV-infected pregnant women. The factors that affect the level were also determined. Methods: Questionnaire was used to measure the knowledge while a modified Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) and formula were used prospec-tively to determine their adherence level and the contributing factors. Data were analyzed using statistical products and services solution version 20. Chi-square test was conducted to determine the relationship between factors that affected knowledge and its level while logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of adherence. Results: A total of 394 women participated in the study, out of which 353 (89.6%) women had a good understanding of their PMTCT regimen, which was not affected by their educational levels. They had a low level of adherence among 301(76.4%) respondents. The adherence was not related...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2019 in |
Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) are the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in young children worldwide. This study aimed to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of laboratory diagnostic methods. We compared to cell culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique for the detection of Human adenovirus (HAdV) in AGE and ARTI children below 6 years of age. We analyzed 1270 samples taken from children, consisting of 537 fecal specimens from AGE and 733 throat swabs from ARTI pediatric patients. Hep-2 cell line was used for the isolation of HAdV. These viruses were identified by targeting partial hexon gene from fecal specimens and throat swabs. The total positivity for HAdV in AGE patients was 5.96% by cell culture and 8.75% by PCR, so increasing the percentage of identification from 5.96% to 8.75% (p>0.08). In the case of ARTI patients, 4.64% were positive by cell, while 7.23% by PCR in the increased rate of detection of HAdV infection from 4.64% to 7.23% (p<0.04*). Compared to...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2019 in |
Purpose/Aim: In the present study, we investigate the antilipidemic effect of the aqueous extract Cymbopogon citratus. Background: Lemongrass is an aromatic plant belonging to the Gramineae family. C. citratus has been cultivated over many years for medicinal purposes in different countries throughout the world. Earlier in research, it was reported that the elevated cholesterol concentration was significantly lowered in the animals given the plant extract. This reduction was found to be dose-dependent. We attempt to evaluate the antilipidemic effect of aqueous extract of roots and flower of C. citratus in mice. Methods: Aqueous extract of roots and flower of Cymbopogon citratus evaluated for antilipidemic activity in mice. Blood was collected by intracardiac puncture, under mild ether anesthesia, and the total serum cholesterol, HDL, and LDL of treated mice were examined. Results: we observed that there is a significant decrease in the cholesterol levels in mice administered with root and flower extracts, there was an increase in HDL level and decrease in the LDL level in groups treated with the...
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