Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2018 in |
The increasing failures of chemotherapeutics and antibiotic resistance exhibited by pathogenic microbes have led to the screening of several medicinal plants for their potential antimicrobial activity. Thus, the present endeavour deals with the exploration of antibacterial efficacy of Curcuma caesia (Roxb.) (Family Zingiberaceae) against bacterial cultures procured from IMTECH, Chandigarh as a screen for potential candidates for the development of natural antibiotics. The agar well diffusion assay was performed to screen antibacterial activity, and ZOI was recorded. The results were analyzed using one way ANOVA with DMRT. A broth macro-dilution assay was used to determine (MIC) and (MBC). Finally, the purified fraction was chemically characterized by spectral analysis. The antibacterial activity profile revealed that the methanolic root extract exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial potentiality. The extract exhibiting the highest antibacterial activity was purified by column chromatography and further with HPLC, and TLC analyzed the band pattern. The bio-efficacy of the purified fraction was assessed against pathogenic bacteria, and the MIC and MBC were determined. The maximum zone of inhibition was recorded...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2018 in |
The control of mosquitoes, which transmit deadly diseases, has become a significant public health concern globally. Protection against mosquito bites is an important part of preventing mosquito-borne diseases. Citronella oil extracted from two types of citronella grass Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt (Java type) and Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (Ceylon type) possess compounds responsible for mosquito repellent activity. In the Sri Lankan market, there are some mosquito repellent products manufactured using citronella oil. In the present study, commercial citronella oil samples were subjected to GC-MS analyses weekly for sixteen weeks to investigate the variation in the percentage of compounds responsible for mosquito repellent activity with time and to correlate this variation to mosquito repellent efficacy of commercial citronella oil samples and sprays. In the tested samples, the percentages of compounds responsible for mosquito repellent activity as well as their mosquito repellent activity have shown a decline with time. The time duration that the maximum mosquito repellent activity would persist in the tested samples may be considerably lower than the shelf life...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2018 in |
A facile synthetic reaction has been used for the synthesis of novel compounds, substituted α-cyano-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) cinnamamides from α-cyano-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acetamide. Their physical and spectral data characterized all the synthesized compounds. The title compounds were screened for in-vitro antioxidant activity in two different models which include scavenging of DPPH and nitric oxide free radicals. The compounds with hydroxy substitution on the phenyl ring of α-cyanocinnamamide moiety showed excellent antioxidant properties. Hence, the active compounds were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema assay. Among the evaluated compounds, α-cyano-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamamide and α-cyano-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-cinnamamide exhibited better activity comparable to the standard drug Diclofenac. Further, in-silico prediction of molecular properties of the synthesized compounds was carried out using molinspiration online software. The study revealed that all the compounds obeyed Lipinski’s rule of five. The TPSA calculations revealed that the compounds possess good intestinal absorption. Finally, the present study identified these compounds as potential new drug candidates for the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2018 in |
Ambroxol hydrochloride (AMB) and Levofloxacin hemihydrate (LVF) in combination were separated using Reverse-Phase – High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method. Mobile phase acetonitrile and 0.05 M potassium di-hydrogen orthophosphate buffer (pH 7.0 adjusted with sodium hydroxide solution) (50: 50, v/v) was selected for this chromatographic method. The separation was achieved in Zorbax Eclipse XDB -C18 column with (250 × 4.5 mm i.d), 5mm particle size with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. At 248 nm wavelength, 10 µl of 60 µg/ml Ambroxol hydrochloride and 400 µg/ml Levofloxacin hemihydrate (LVF) was injected for 15 min runtime, and an individual peak was obtained for LVF at retention time 2.61 min and for AMB at retention time 7.69 min. Linearity was achieved for Ambroxol hydrochloride in the range of 48 mcg/ml to 72 mcg/ml and Levofloxacin hemihydrate in the range of 320 mcg/ml to 480 mcg/ml. For stress degradation, AMB and LVF were subjected to acid hydrolysis, base hydrolysis, thermal degradation, UV light degradation, oxidation and analyzed with this chromatographic method. The results...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2018 in |
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of the modifiable risk factors like prolonged kitchen stay, dietary pattern, cooking methods in outpatient (Housewives) bronchial asthma (BA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD). This prospective observational study was carried out in Pulmonary Medicine Department in a Multispecialty Tertiary Care Hospital in Kerala, India. A total of 126 [BA (72) and COPD (54)] patients enrolled into the study as per global initiative for lung diseases (GOLD) standards. Hemoglobin concentration was measured by Sahli’s method. Predisposing factors for bronchial asthma (BA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) were monitored from the patient’s ecology. The univariate analysis showed a significant association between smoke exposure in kitchen and incidence of COPD and BA (P<0.05). The multivariate analysis showed the results demonstrated that risk for COPD group was significantly higher compared with BA group (P<0.05). Independent sample‘t’ test showed significant more time where BA patients stayed in the kitchen (P<0.05). The group that exposed to kitchen smoke more than 500 min per day was four...
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