Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2018 in |
Antitumor and antioxidative efficacy of Carissa carandas extract (CCE) was investigated in this study against skin carcinogenesis which was initiated by a single topical application of 7, 12-dimethyl-benz(a)anthracene (100 mg / 100 ml acetone in 1% acetone) and two weeks, later promoted by repeated treatment of TPA (Croton oil) for 16 weeks (in 1% acetone) in Swiss albino mice. Oral administration of Carissa carandas hydroalcholic extract (100 mg/kg/b.wt/day) during the peri-initiational (i.e. 7 days before and 7 days after the application of DMBA) and post-initiational (i.e. from the day of croton oil treatment and continued till the end of the experiment) stage and exhibited a reduced number of tumor burden, tumor yield, number of tumors and percent incidence of mice bearing skin tumors as compared to DMBA-TPA treatment group. Average latent period and inhibition of tumor multiplicity were increased when compared to positive control values (only DMBA-TPA treated mice). After oral administration of CCE histopathological changes found less as compared to carcinogen treated mice in both the Groups. Thus,...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2018 in |
Plasmodium falciparum and multidrug resistant bacteria such as Mycobacterium avium, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are among the top causes of morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries. These pathogens are responsible for the reported antibiotic resistance incidents globally. Due to the increase in antibiotic resistance worldwide, there is an urgent need for new bioactive compounds. This study aimed at determining the antiplasmodial and antimicrobial activity of secondary metabolites produced by soil actinomycetes. Soil samples were collected from Kavango and Hardap regions and cultured on various media to isolate and identify actinomycetes. Secondary metabolites produced were extracted using different solvents. The antimicrobial activity of different isolated secondary metabolites was determined against M. avium, S. aureus and E. coli. Antiplasmodial activity of four bioactive fractions with potent antibacterial activity was further determined against a chloroquine resistant (D10) P. falciparum strain at various concentrations. Bioactive compounds from two isolates displayed activity against M. avium, whilst another two showed activity against E. coli. None of the secondary metabolites displayed activity against S....
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2018 in |
The biologically active compounds in plants reckoned their application in medicines from ancient times. Among the biologically active compounds enzymes have evolved as a potential therapeutic agent. L-asparaginase a therapeutic protein is extensively employed in medical sector to diagnose and treat leukemia. Bacteria, fungi, yeast and plants have been identified as potential sources of L-asparaginase. The side effects associated with microbial L-asparaginase restricted their utilization in treatment of leukemia and bought medicinal plants as source into focus. In the present study, different species of Phyllanthus genera have been screened for presence of L-asparaginase in different seasons. The leaves of Phyllanthus emblica with highest enzyme activity (20.3 IU/ml) and specific activity (5.2 IU/mg) emerged out as potential source for L-asparaginase production. Phyllanthus amarus and Phyllanthus niruri also contained appreciable amount of L-asparaginase. This is the first report of identifying presence of L-asparaginase in Phyllanthus genera. L-asparaginase from Phyllanthus emblica was further purified to homogeneity and the molecular mass of enzyme was found to approximately 85kDa. The yield of purified enzyme...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2018 in |
Background: It has been developed a new combination of Palladium catalyzed Buchwald-Hartwig type reaction for the synthesis of N–tert– Butyl- 3- {[5- methyl- 2- (arylamino)pyrimidin- 4- yl]amino}benzene-sulfonamides 5 by the treatment of N–tert-butyl-3-[(2-chloro-5-methyl pyrimidin-4-yl)-amino]benzene sulfonamide 4 with various aromatic amines in the presence of Cs2CO3 and in DMF under microwave conditions. Method: All the eight compounds 5a-h were screened in-vitro for their antibacterial Gram-positive bacteria namely, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus sphaericus and Staphylococcus aureus and three Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella aerogenes, Chromobacterium violaceum. All the synthesized compounds were tested for their antifungal activity against five test organisms, Aspergillus niger, Chrysosporium tropicum, Rhizopus oryzae, Fusarium moniliforme and Curvularia lunata. Results: Among the title compounds 5d and 5e exhibited potent activity towards both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Compounds 5e and 5f showed good antifungal activity. Conclusion: A new efficient catalyst/ligand combination was developed for the synthesis of title compounds 5a-5h under microwave conditions. The microwave procedure is slightly superior to the conventional method in terms of reduced time period...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2018 in |
Efavirenz (EFA) solid binary systems were prepared with β-CD by co-grinding and microwave irradiation methods. Detection of inclusion complexation was done in solution state by means of phase solubility analysis and in solid state by FTIR, DSC and in-vitro Dissolution studies. Apparent stability constant revealed EFA with β-CD at 1:1 M produces stiochometric complex with AL type phase solubility profile. A true inclusion of EFA with β-CD at 1:2 M in solid state was confirmed by FTIR and DSC. Dissolution properties of EFA- β-CD binary systems were superior when compared to physical mixture and pure drug. Overall the rank order of improvement in dissolution properties of Efavirenz with ratios is 1:2M > 1:1M and methods MW > CG > PM > pure drug. One way ANOVA suggest the DP60 and DE60 values were significantly higher (P<0.01) in solid binary systems prepared by microwave irradiation method when compared to co-grinding and its corresponding physical mixtures and pure...
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