Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2018 in |
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common infections of pregnancy and pose great therapeutic challenges. The objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial treatment practices for UTIs during pregnancy in comparison with the standard treatment guidelines. A prospective cross sectional study was conducted on 782 pregnant female patients suffering from UTIs in hospitals of Wah Cantt, District Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Prescriptions and available laboratory test reports including complete blood count (CBC) from each patient was taken. Statistical tests One Way ANOVA and chi-square tests (P≤0.05) were performed to obtain the desired outcomes. It was evaluated that none of the clinical setting have developed its own antibiogram or local antibiotic use guidelines. Standard management guidelines for antimicrobial therapy for UTI in pregnancy were followed in only 16.7% patients. Moreover only two drugs from the standard management guidelines were prescribed to the patients. It was determined that statistically significant population (p<0.05) were being prescribed with the drugs not recommended by any guidelines. 26.9% patients were being...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2018 in |
A topological index is a numeric quantity from the structural graph of a molecule. It has become a very useful tool in the prediction of pharmacological, toxicological and physico – chemical properties of a compound. In this paper, we have computed some topological indices of triangular silicate TsL (n) and triangular oxide TOL (n)...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2018 in |
Lamium album is used as a blood purifier, in the treatment of the respiratory tract diseases, diarrhea and bleeding. In this study antioxidants and anti-bacterial activities of its aerial parts and roots were investigated. Extracts were prepared by Soxhlet apparatus. Methanol used as extracting solvent. Phenol and flavonoids contents and antioxidant properties were evaluated by different methods. Different concentrations of extracts were used for determining the MIC. Microorganisms suspensions were prepared in Mueller Hinton broth with different concentrations of extracts and incubated for 24 h at 37 °C, the turbidity of the tubes were observed. MIC and MBC were determined. Total phenolic content of aerial and roots extracts were 242.75 ± 10.13 and 135.0 ± 8.15 and total flavonoid contents were 79.83 ± 4.22 and 30.33 ± 1.08 QE respectively. The DPPH radical-scavenging ability of extracts were 238.4 and 257.0 µg/ml respectively. Reducing power of both extracts increased by increasing the concentrations. The amount of scavenging nitric oxide at the 1600 mg/ml, was 58 and 68%, respectively. IC50 for...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2018 in |
Ageing is associated with the diminished function of various tissues in the body. The gonadal function declines with age. In male, there is progressive atrophy of the sperm producing elements of the testes, resulting in diminished spermatogenesis. Many natural nontoxic herbs were found to enhance the fertility in male. The study is done to evaluate the effect of Cycas circinalis (Cc) and Ionidium suffruticosum (Is) in improving the fertility of senility induced sterility of male albino rats. A total of 24 healthy young male albino rats were selected and six animals were randomly distributed into 4 groups. The groups include normal control, positive control, experimental I and Experimental II. Normal control was administered sterile water orally; positive control was administered testosterone hormone subcutaneously (10 µg/kg body weight), experimental I group was administered ethanolic extract of Cycas circinalis (200 mg/kg body weight) and Experimental II group was administered ethanolic extract of Ionidium suffruticosum (200 mg/kg body weight) orally for 30 days. Various parameters such as sexual behaviour, weight of animals,...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2018 in |
A new drug delivery system for H2 receptor antagonist ranitidine hydrochloride was developed utilizing both the concepts of adhesiveness and of flotation, in order to obtain a unique drug delivery system which could remain in the stomach for a much longer period of time. Floating mucoadhesive tablets of ranitidine hydrochloride were developed to prolong its release and improve bioavailability. Ranitidine has been the most widely used drug for the treatment of peptic ulcer. A Floating Drug Delivery System (FDDS) was developed using gas forming agents like sodium bicarbonate, citric acid and hydrocolloids, Hydroxyl Propyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) and carbopol 934P. Floating delivery system of ranitidine hydrochloride was prepared using different grades of HPMC as drug release retarding polymer and sodium bicarbonate as source for carbon dioxide which helps tablets to float. Tablets were prepared by direct compression. The prepared tablets were evaluated their physicochemical properties and drug release, density, buoyancy test, mucoadhesion force, swelling study, drug content and in–vitro release...
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