Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2018 in |
Objectives: To assess clinical and histopathological patterns, causative drugs, causality, severity and cost of treating cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) among patients admitted in tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: In a prospective hospital-based study over a period of one year (June 2015- June 2016), CADRs of patients admitted to the dermatology department were recorded. The data was subjected to descriptive analysis. Results: Of the total 39 cases, 24 (61.54%) were male and 15 (38.46%) were female. Maximum patients (48.7%) belonged to 21 – 40 years age group. On causality analysis, 23 cases (58.33%) were of probable type whereas 16 (41.02%) of possible type. Steven Johnson syndrome (46.15%), maculopapular drug rash (20.51%) and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (15.38%) were common CADRs. There were total 55drugs which could account for observed CADRs mostly belonging to anti-epileptic (32.72%), anti-microbial (29.09 %) and NSAIDs (21.81%) classes. The most frequent offending drug was phenytoin (18.18%) followed by paracetamol (10.91%) and carbamazepine (7.27%). Maximum CADRs were of severe type (66.67%) but no...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2018 in |
Antacids are the commonly prescribed drugs for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). As these are manufactured and marketed by various multinational and local companies there is a need for evaluating the cost effectiveness and efficacy of these antacids as a matter of public concern. In the present study an attempt has been made to determine and compare the acid neutralization capacity of antacid preparations sold across various retail pharmacies in Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India to find out unit cost and effectiveness of antacid with respect to its composition and manufacturer. Six different antacid suspensions manufactured by different companies were evaluated for the oraganoleptic properties, viscosity, pH and particle size and were compared with each other. Acid neutralizing capacity was determined by titrimetric method. Cost effectiveness was done by calculating the cost per ml of antacid and efficacy was evaluated based on acid neutralizing capacity of antacid preparation. Suspension Medicaine® having higher acid neutralization capacity (30.22 mEq) with unit cost Rs.0.52/ml was found to be the most effective brand as...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2018 in |
The purpose of this study is to achieve colonic release of anti-inflammatory drug sulfasalazine used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to minimise side effects with a novel method of single capsule with bilayer coating. Sulfasalazine is an anti-inflammatory drug which acts topically on the inflamed colon to provide relief. In the present study a time and pH dependent colon targeted system was developed and evaluated. Liquisolid plug (LSP) of poorly water soluble drug sulfasalazine was prepared to enhance its dissolution rate and bioavailability. Sulfasalazine liquisolid plug was filled in acrylic polymer coated capsule. This capsule was subsequently coated with ethyl cellulose + HPMC (combination) and eudragit S 100. The eudragit S 100 prevented capsule disintegration in stomach and combination of ethyl cellulose and HPMC prevented capsule disintegration in small intestine. The design of formulation hence ensured colon targeted delivery of drug, preventing premature drug release in stomach or small intestine and enhanced dissolution rate potentiating probable enhancement in bioavailability. In vitro release studies were carried out...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2018 in |
In this paper, we investigate several topological indices in honeycomb graphs: Randić connectivity index, sum-connectivity index, atom-bond connectivity index, geometric-arithmetic index, First and Second Zagreb indices and Zagreb polynomials. Formulas for computing the above topological descriptors in honeycomb graphs are...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2018 in |
Culture dependent phenotypic characterization analyses were applied to study the protease producing bacteria from Indian Soda (Lonar crater). The uniqueness of the Lonar lake water is its salinity and alkalinity. A total of one hundred and fourteen bacterial cultures were isolated from the water and sediment samples collected from the hyper alkaline saline environment of Lonar lake. The thirty two bacterial strains were found protease producing bacterial culture, out of them strain EW2 was selected for 16S rDNA sequencing, production and partial characterizations of protease on the basis of their maximum proteolytic activity. The phylogenetic position indicated the strain was related to phylum Firmicutes. Optimum enzyme activity was found to be at 80 °C and pH 9.5. The protease was highly stable over broad temperature from 40 to 90 °C, pH 7.0 – 12.0, showing excellent thermostablity and alkaline tolerant nature. The enzyme activity has enhanced by all metal ion which was tested in this studies indicating it was a metalloenzyme but inhibited by organic solvent except acetone. This...
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