Posted by admin on May 31, 2018 in |
Pogostemon quadrifolius (Benth.) is a medicinal aromatic shrub in family Lamiaceae which is used as folk medicine in India. This present study deals with the preliminary screening of Pogostemon quadrifolius antimicrobial activity and TLC profiling of the crude plant extract. Cold extraction technique was carried out to prepare the crude plant extract, which was further screened for the presence of phytochemicals. The extracts were assessed for antibacterial and antifungal studies by disc diffusion method. Thin layer chromatography was utilized for solvent standardization. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of diverse classes of bioactive components. The quantitative analysis of flavanoids, alkaloids and total phenolic content in different extracts varied from each other. Evaluation of antibacterial studies showed that methanolic extract and ethyl acetate extract showed activity against standard and MDR strains respectively. The ethanolic extract also showed fungicidal activity. And finally the solvent standardization was performed for the separation of phyto-constituents by TLC, which showed a very good abundance of active principles (based on their Rf values). All these preliminary reports...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2018 in |
Screening of medicinal plants for their antimicrobial activity leads to development of less expensive formulations with better safety and efficacy. A. indica and L. camara shows antibacterial activity. A. indica is multipurpose tree with wide range of uses. Also the L. camara has steroidal content showing cardiotonic, antispasmodic activity along with antibacterial activity. In the present study we have compared the individual alcoholic leaf extracts of both plants with their combination. Antibacterial activity in mixture of leaf extracts of Neem (Azadirachta indica) and tantani (Lantana camara) was tested against human pathogenic bacteria E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, P. aureginosa and Bacillus subtilis. Ethanolic extracts of Neem and Tantani leaves were used. Varying concentrations of individual extracts and their combination of 10 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, and 100 mg/ml were prepared. Antimicrobial assay using cup plate method was used. When compared with individual leaf extract of Neem and tantani, combination shows maximum inhibition on E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aureginosa, Bacillus subtilis. These good experimental results can further be explored. The mixture...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2018 in |
Introduction: There are numerous animal models available for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a fully convincing model for PCOS reflecting all pathologic condition of PCOS seen in humans is not available due to difficulties in inducing all pathologies in rat models. If so, it will help to test drug to treat PCOS. The main goal of this study is to create a new model to reflect all pathologic conditions of PCOS seen in humans using non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor letrozole and fructose in rats. Methods: Twelve rats were divided into two groups containing 6 rats each. Vehicle control group rats received 1% aqueous solution of carboxmethlycellulose (CMC) once daily orally for 28 days and PCOS group was administered letrozole at a concentration of 1 mg/kg dissolved in 1% CMC p.o. once daily for 28 days. Along with these rats were allowed free access of 10% fructose solution daily. During experimental period, vaginal smears were collected daily for estrus cycle determination. Rats were sacrificed and blood sample were collected for hormonal and...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2018 in |
Introduction: Despite the traditional focus on adverse drug reactions, pharmacovigilance centres have recently been identified as a potentially rich and important source of medication error (ME) data. The aim of this study is to identify ME from adverse drug reaction (ADRs) reports. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of ADR reports notified to adverse drug reaction monitoring centre of tertiary care teaching hospital and medical college during January 2014 to December 2016 was done. Those reports which had inappropriate information were excluded. Result: A total of 651 reports met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed, The mean age and weight of patients experienced ADRs due to ME was 32.6 ± 16.1 years and 51.9 ± 17.3 kg respectively, among which 35 men and 39 women. Regarding type of medication errors, most of them were related to monitoring errors (56.2%) followed by prescribing errors (37.5%). Considering categories of ME, 73.4% was into category E which was related to temporary harm to the patient. Majority of ADR reports were mild in...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2018 in |
The aim of this study was to compare the phytochemical composition, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC) and antioxidant activity of aerial and underground parts of Betula utilis. Qualitative phytochemical screening of the three parts indicates the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phytosterols, tannins, terpenoids, phenols, proteins, amino acids, anthraquinone glycosides and steroids. Total phenolic content determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method ranged from 0.03 ± 0.003 to 33.6 ± 2.1, 0.34 ± 0.02 to 23.6 ± 0.67 and 0.08 ± 0.005 to 16.9 ± 1.9 mg/g of dry weight of roots, leaf and bark extracts, respectively, expressed as gallic acid equivalents. The total flavonoid contents as measured by aluminium chloride method ranges from 0.2 ± 0.003 to 7.3 ± 0.31, 0.3 ± 0.08 to 4.3 ± 0.08 and 0.3 ± 0.008 to 1.3 ± 0.03 mg/g of dry weight of leaves, bark and root extracts respectively, expressed as rutin equivalents. The results showed that TPC and TFC values were higher in methanol extract of root (33.6 ± 2.1) and...
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