Posted by admin on May 18, 2018 in |
Introduction: Antibiotics are used to perish the growth of bacteria. Undesirable use of antibiotics is presently common all over the world. Parent’s knowledge and attitudes towards antibiotics play a vital role in the success of treatment process. Due to lack of knowledge, sometimes antibiotics are badly used for the treatment of infection. Study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding antibiotics use among parents for their children. Methodology: A cross-sectional study design was adapted, using convenient sampling technique in different areas of Lahore, Pakistan during the period June -2017 to November- 2017 by using a self-administrated questionnaire, involving 400 participants. Those mothers or fathers were included which had children under 5 years of age. Results: Results showed that 92(23%) of the respondents had poor knowledge, 252(63%) had moderate knowledge and 44(11%) had good knowledge. Significant associations were found between knowledge statements and age, number of children, education and spouse education. Significant associations were also found between attitude statements and age, gender, number of children, education and spouse...
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Posted by admin on May 18, 2018 in |
High fat diet and High fructose intake is the predominant lifestyle change that increased the epidemic of type-2 diabetes. HFD+HF feeding leads to oxidative stress mediated T2D through production of free radicals and decrement of antioxidant enzymes. Our present study focussed on the curbing effect of gymnemic acid on high fat diet and high fructose feeding induced oxidative stress mediated Type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total of 30 rats, 18 diabetic and 12 normal wistar rats were used for this study. Rats were HFD+HF fed and confirmed diabetic then animals were orally treated with gymemic acid (150 mg/kg body weight) daily for 30 days. Gymnemic acid supplementation effectively lowered the blood glucose and lipid levels expect HDL in HFD and HF fed diabetic rats. Free radical scavenging ability of gymnemic acid lead to the decrement of free radicals and thereby preventing macromolecular damage. Islets possess significantly lesser antioxidant potential when compared to other tissues and easily susceptible to oxidative stress under T2D condition. GPx a key antioxidant which can...
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2018 in |
Background: Extensive use of analgesics like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioid is associated with undesirable side effects often limiting their use. Hence the search for indigenous safer analgesic agent is ongoing. It was considered worthwhile to evaluate analgesic activity of methanolic fraction of ethanolic extract of Crocus sativus (CSEEMF) stigmas. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate analgesic activity of methanolic fraction of ethanolic extract of Crocus sativus in rats and mice. Material and method: After obtaining permission from animal ethics committee, the animals were divided into 5 groups of 6 animals each control, standard – Aspirin (75 or 150 mg/kg) or Pentazocine (5 mg/kg), CSEEMF. Antinoceceptive activity of stigmas of CSEEMF was investigated at doses 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg through tail-flick method, tail clip method and formalin test in swiss albino mice and writhing test by using acetic-acid in wistar albino Rats. Results: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett’s test was applied in the study. Both p<0.05, p<0.001 were considered to be significant. In...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2018 in |
Oxidative stress is one of the factor that initiating development of cataract and describes the events leading to lens opacification, generally cataract is a clouding of the lens of the eye that will affect the vision either partially or completely. Proteins that are present in the lens begin to break down and the lens becomes cloudy. This will be avoided by taking external food supplements that are rich in antioxidants. Morinda citrifolia fruit (Noni) juice is rich in antioxidants. This food supplement with lot of nutraceuticals support good health and diminish the effects of aging. To investigate the involvement of Noni in protection against oxidative stress, chick lens epithelial cells were subjected with hydrogen peroxide (100 µM H2O2) over a time course, with and without pre-treatment of Noni fruit extract and commercial Noni. Na+K+ATPase enzyme estimation was performed to determine the role of Noni juice and Noni extract. Our study revealed that Noni juice and extract preserved physiological functions of chick and human lens epithelial cells when subjected to...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2018 in |
Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F) Nees, commonly known as the “king of bitters,” is an herbaceous plant belonging to the Acanthaceae and is found throughout tropical and subtropical Asia, Southeast Asia, and India. Andrographolide, a bitter diterpenoid, is the major active principle present in the plant. Authors have already worked on the phytochemical investigation, analgesic and antipyretic activities of ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata. Present study aimed to pharmacokinetic study of an ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata tablet in rat. Solid dispersion tablets of Andrographis paniculata extract equivalent to 50 mg/Kg was prepared and given to rats and various pharmacokinetic parameters such as maximum concentration of andrographolide in plasma (Cmax), elimination rate constant (K), Elimination half-life (t1/2) Area under the plasma andrographolide concentration- time curve up to measurable concentration (AUC(0- t)), The area under the curve zero to infinity (AUC0-∞), mean residence time (MRT) and relative bioavailability (Frel) were determined and also compared with pure andrographolide. Results showed that there significant increase in various pharmacokinetic parameters of solid dispersion tablet...
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