Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2018 in |
Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate whether exposure to subclinical dose of sodium nitrite for long term can trigger histopathological changes which are able to detect by using hematoxylin and eosin stain. Sodium nitrite has various properties that make it widely used in industrial and pharmaceutical fields. Method: Three groups of mice were used in this study; the first group was administered sodium nitrite in the drinking water for six months and the second group for eighteen months meantime the third one was used as a control. Then histopathological examination was done. Results: The results revealed that there were histopathological changes in the various tissues and organs which appeared in both exposed groups. Most changes mainly reversible except few areas in the liver and no obvious carcinogenic changes were detected by hematoxylin and eosin stain. Conclusion: The ultimate conclusion obtained from this study indicated that prolonged exposure to subclinical dose of sodium nitrite induced reversible histopathological changes in different tissues and organs except few and small...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2018 in |
As science encourage most of the medicinal plants as supreme source of unlimited chemical compounds which are of great interest in pharmacological preparations. The present investigation was aimed to study Nigella sativa seeds and Cassia angustifolia leaf solvent extract (petroleum ether, methanol and aqueous solutions) for phytochemical screening, GC-MS characterization, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant assay. Qualitative phytochemicals in both Nigella sativa seeds and Cassia angustifolia leaf contains high quantity (+++) of alkaloids, Carboxylic acid, Coumarins, Phenol, Resin, Saponin, and Steroid. Antimicrobial activity was determined with two gram positive (Bacillus subtilis and staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. Methanol extract of Nigella sativa seeds shown highest zone of inhibition (19.66 ± 9.29 mm) against staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumonia. Petroleum ether extracts of both Nigella sativa seeds and Cassia angustifolia leaf extracts shown highest zone of inhibition against klebsiella pneumonia (20.00 ± 5.03mm and 21.66 ± 4.16 mm, respectively). From the analysis of antioxidant potential of Nigella sativa and Cassia angustifolia extracts through DPPH free radical scavenging at three different concentration (5,...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2018 in |
Eleven new compounds belonging to series 7-[5-(substituted) phenyl – 4, 5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-2,3-diphenyl-5H, 10H – benzo[g] quinoxaline – 5, 10 – dione (Compound 7a-k) were synthesized by multistep synthetic scheme. The newly synthesized compounds were screened for their in-vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv by L.J. Slope (Conventional) Method. Compound 7j having 4-CH3 at phenyl ring attached to 5-position of pyrazoline ring and compound 7i having 3,4-(OCH3)2 group on the above mentioned position have been observed as most and least active antimycobacterial compounds...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2018 in |
Controlled release systems for protein and peptide vaccines based polymers have been considered for many applications in medical therapies. Chitosan is non-toxic and easily absorbed biopolymers and is often used in many researches to sustained release drugs and proteic vaccines. This study investigates the kinetics of release in vitro of bovine serum albumin (BSA) from chitosan microparticles and the effect of the preparation process of the microparticles in the release rate. Chitosan microparticles were design by a coacervation / precipitation method under different time’s sonication and different protein / chitosan ratio were used (0, 5 to 2 g. g-1). To the in vitro study of the protein release, the microparticles were resuspended in PBS pH 7.4 at 37 °C under stirring and the samples in different intervals were aliquoted to dosage of BSA release. The morphology of the chitosan microparticles was examined with Electron Microscopy, which showed particle size between 10 – 30 µm and porous structures. Studies were conducted to investigate the BSA stability during the process of...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2018 in |
The concentration levels and human health risk of iron, cadmium, zinc, nickel, copper and lead were determined in 25 popularly consumed types of commercially available herbal drugs in Southern Nigeria. In each type, three brands were selected and analysed. The study area was divided into five sampling zones (A – E) and the herbal drugs were categorized into five clusters based on their advertised usage. The samples were digested using HNO3: HClO4 mixture in the ratio of (4:1) and metals analysis were carried out using Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed the concentration of the metals in the ranges: Fe = 4.524 ± 0.011 to 70. 121 ± 0.002 µg/g; Cd = 0.012 ± to 0.620 ± 0.002 µg/g; Zn = 0.03 ± 0.01 to 42.010 ± 3.40 µg/g; Cu = 0.160 ± 0.000 to 66.21 ± 2.11 µg/g and Pb = BDL to 22.011 ± 0.850 µg/g. The provisional weekly intake (PWI) of the metals did not exceed the recommended provisional weekly tolerable intake (PTWI) except nickel in...
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